elder

English Wikipedia has an article on:

elder

Wikipedia

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈeldə/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɛldə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɛldɚ/
• Rhymes: -ɛldə(ɹ)

From Middle English eldre, from Old English eldra, yldra, ieldra, from Proto-Germanic *alþizô. The vowel change from a to e triggered by the following i is called umlaut or I-mutation.

elder

1. comparative degree of old: older, greater than another in age or seniority.

   My elder brother just got married.

   The elder of the two was also an elder statesman.

   • 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 5, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad‎:

     She removed Stranleigh’s coat with a dexterity that aroused his imagination. The elder woman returned with dressings and a sponge, which she placed on a chair.

• The normal comparative of old is older. The irregular form elder is sometimes used with family members, but is otherwise rare (except in fixed expressions such as elder statesman). Elder is generally limited to attributive position (my elder brother) and does not occur in predicative position (*my brother is elder). This also implies that elder cannot be followed by than.^[1]

• geriatric, long in the tooth, on in years; see also Thesaurus:elderly

elder (plural elders)

1. A leader of a community, of great age or seniority.

   We were presented to the village elder.

   • 1995, Julius Evola, “The Two Paths in the Afterlife”, in Guido Stucco, transl., Revolt against the Modern World‎, Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions International, translation of Rivolta contro il mondo moderno, →ISBN, page 50:

     People saw in the elders, who were closer to death, the manifestation of the divine force that was thought to achieve its full liberation at death.

   • 2022 August 25, Seyi Akiwowo, How to Stay Safe Online: A digital self-care toolkit for developing resilience and allyship, Penguin UK, →ISBN:

     I probably wouldn't be here talking about this very topic if it weren't for the few but mighty elders in the tech and gender rights spaces. Folks like South Africa-based Jan Moolman from the Association for Progressive Communications […]

2. (now chiefly US) An old person.
3. (Should we delete⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (relational, chiefly in the plural) One who is older than another.

   Respect your elders.

4. One who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor.
   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: , London: R Sare, , →OCLC:

     Carry your Head […] as your Elders have done.

5. An officer of a church, sometimes having teaching responsibilities.
6. A clergyman authorized to administer all the sacraments.

   a travelling elder

7. (Should we delete⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (Canada) An older Indigenous person respected as an authority figure, especially when in a counselling, consultative, or ceremonial role.

   At the friendship centre, you can arrange to meet with a social worker or an elder.

8. (US, Mormonism) One ordained to the lowest office in the Melchizedek priesthood.

   After being a member of the Church for a while, Bill was ordained to the office of elder.

   Jack had been an elder for only a few days when he received a new calling.

9. (US, Mormonism) A male missionary.

   The elders are coming over for dinner tonight.

10. (Mormonism, often capitalized) Title for a male missionary; title for a general authority.

    One of the long-time leaders in the Church is Elder Packer.

11. (Germanic paganism) A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.

• (older person): eld, mzee, senior; see also Thesaurus:old person
• (one who lived at an earlier period): antecessor, forerunner; see also Thesaurus:predecessor

elder (third-person singular simple present elders, present participle eldering, simple past and past participle eldered)

1. (Quakerism) To admonish or reprove for improper conduct by the elders of the meeting.

   I was eldered for directly responding to someone else's message in meeting for worship.

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Sambucus

Wikipedia

Wikispecies has information on:

Sambucus

Wikispecies

From Middle English eldre, eller, from Old English ellærn, from Proto-Germanic *elernaz, *eldernaz (compare Low German Elhorn, Elloorn).

elder (plural elders)

2. A small tree, Sambucus nigra, having white flowers in a cluster, and edible purple berries.
   • 1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273:

     Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.

4. Any of the other species of the genus Sambucus: small trees, shrubs or herbaceous perennials with red, purple, or white/yellow berries (some of which are poisonous).

• (Sambucus nigra): black elder

• alder (Alnus spp.)

Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *aliþro (“udder”), from *alaną (“to nourish”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch elder (“udder”).^[2]

elder

1. A cow's udder, especially used as food.

• “elder”, in Collins English Dictionary.

• Edler

• Audio:

  (file)

elder inan

1. slime

elder

1. present of elde

elder f

1. indefinite plural of elde

elder

1. present of elda

• ᚽᛚᚦᚽᚱ

From Old Norse eldr, from Proto-Germanic *ailidaz.

elder m

1. fire
2. a skin disease - possibly erysipelas

• Swedish: eld