empenhar

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Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin *impignāre, from pignus (“pledge”). Compare Spanish empeñar and Italian impegnare.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pẽˈɲa(ʁ)/ , (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pẽˈɲa(ʁ)/
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pẽˈɲa(ɾ)/ , (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pẽˈɲa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.pẽˈɲa(ʁ)/ , (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.pẽˈɲa(ʁ)/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.peˈɲa(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.peˈɲa(ɻ)/
 

  • Hyphenation: em‧pe‧nhar

Verb

empenhar (first-person singular present empenho, first-person singular preterite empenhei, past participle empenhado)

  1. (transitive) to pawn
  2. (transitive) to pledge
    empenhar a palavra ― to pledge one's word
  3. (transitive) to force, to coerce
  4. (transitive) to commit
  5. (pronominal) to get into debt
  6. (pronominal) to dedicate oneself; to commit oneself
    empenhar-se em fazer alguma coisa ― to put a lot into something
  7. (pronominal) to strive to; to make an effort in

Conjugation

    Conjugation of empenhar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal empenhar
Personal empenhar empenhares empenhar empenharmos empenhardes empenharem
Gerund
empenhando
Past participle
Masculine empenhado empenhados
Feminine empenhada empenhadas
Indicative
Present empenho empenhas empenha empenhamos empenhais empenham
Imperfect empenhava empenhavas empenhava empenhávamos empenháveis empenhavam
Preterite empenhei empenhaste empenhou empenhamos1, empenhámos2 empenhastes empenharam
Pluperfect empenhara empenharas empenhara empenháramos empenháreis empenharam
Future empenharei empenharás empenhará empenharemos empenhareis empenharão
Conditional empenharia empenharias empenharia empenharíamos empenharíeis empenhariam
Subjunctive
Present empenhe empenhes empenhe empenhemos empenheis empenhem
Imperfect empenhasse empenhasses empenhasse empenhássemos empenhásseis empenhassem
Future empenhar empenhares empenhar empenharmos empenhardes empenharem
Imperative
Affirmative empenha empenhe empenhemos empenhai empenhem
Negative (não) não empenhes não empenhe não empenhemos não empenheis não empenhem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Synonyms

Derived terms

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