- Albanian: perandor (sq) m
- Arabic: قَيْصَر m (qayṣar), إِمْبْرَاطُور m (ʔimbrāṭūr)
- Hijazi Arabic: إِمْبْراطور m (ʔimbrāṭōr)
- Armenian: կայսր (hy) (kaysr)
- Old Armenian: կայսր (kaysr), կեսար (kesar)
- Aromanian: ampirat m
- Asturian: emperador (ast) m
- Azerbaijani: imperator, padşah
- Basque: enperadorea
- Belarusian: імпера́тар m (impjerátar), цар m (car) (tsar)
- Bengali: সম্রাট (bn) (śomraṭ)
- Breton: impalaer (br)
- Bulgarian: импера́тор (bg) m (imperátor)
- Burmese: ဧကရာဇ် (my) (eka.raj)
- Catalan: emperador (ca) m
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 皇帝 (wong4 dai3)
- Dungan: хуонди (huondi), хуоншон (huonšon)
- Mandarin: 皇帝 (zh) (huángdì), 帝王 (zh) (dìwáng), 皇上 (zh) (huángshang), 天皇 (zh) (tiānhuáng) (emperor of Japan)
- Coptic: ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ m (autokratōr)
- Czech: císař (cs) m
- Danish: kejser (da) c
- Dutch: keizer (nl) m
- Dzongkha: རྒྱལ་ཆེན (rgyal chen)
- Esperanto: imperiestro
- Estonian: keiser (et), imperaator
- Extremaduran: emperaol m
- Finnish: keisari (fi)
- French: empereur (fr) m
- Friulian: imperadôr m
- Galician: emperador (gl) m
- Georgian: იმპერატორი (imṗeraṭori)
- German: Kaiser (de) m, Imperator (de) m
- Greek: αυτοκράτορας (el) m (aftokrátoras)
- Ancient: αὐτοκράτωρ m (autokrátōr), καῖσαρ m (kaîsar), αὐτάναξ m (autánax)
- Hebrew: קיסר \ קֵיסָר (he) m (kesár, keysár)
- Hindi: सम्राट m (samrāṭ), महाराजा m (mahārājā), चक्रवर्ती (hi) m (cakravartī)
- Hungarian: császár (hu)
- Icelandic: keisari (is) m
- Ido: cezaro (io), imperiestro (io)
- Indonesian: kaisar (id), maharaja (id)
- Interlingua: imperator
- Irish: impire m
- Italian: imperatore (it) m
- Japanese: 皇帝 (ja) (こうてい, kōtei) (emperor in general), 帝王 (ja) (ていおう, teiō) (general term for emperor or monarch), 天皇 (ja) (てんのう, tennō) (emperor of Japan), 帝 (ja) (みかど, mikado)
- Kazakh: император (imperator), патша (patşa)
- Khmer: អធិរាជ (km) (ʼaʼthiriəc), រាជាធិរាជ (riəciəthiriəc), សម្រាជ (km) (sɑmraac)
- Korean: 황제(皇帝) (ko) (hwangje), 천황(天皇) (ko) (cheonhwang) (emperor of Japan), 제왕(帝王) (ko) (jewang)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: emperator (ku), qeyser (ku)
- Kyrgyz: император (ky) (imperator), падыша (ky) (padışa)
- Lao: ຈັກກະພັດ (chak ka phat), ຈັກກະວັດ (chak ka wat), ນໍຣິນ (nǭ rin), ນໍລິນ (nǭ lin), ຣາເຊນ (rā sēn)
- Latin: imperātor (la) m, autocratōr m (Late Latin), basileus m (medieval)
- Latvian: imperators m, ķeizars m
- Ligurian: imperatô m
- Lithuanian: imperatorius m, ciesorius m
- Low German:
- German Low German: Kaiser
- Luxembourgish: Keeser m
- Macedonian: импера́тор m (imperátor), цар m (car) (tsar)
- Malay: kaisar, maharaja, khakan
- Malayalam: സാമ്രാട്ട് (sāmrāṭṭŭ), ചക്രവർത്തി (ml) (cakravaṟtti)
- Maltese: imperatur m
- Manchu: ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ (hūwangdi), ᡥᠠᠨ (han)
- Mandinka: mansa
- Manx: ard-ree m
- Maori: emepara, epara
- Marathi: सम्राट m (samrāṭ)
- Middle English: emperour, kayser
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: эзэн хаан (ezen xaan)
- Norman: empéreu m (Jersey)
- North Frisian: keiser
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: keiser (no) m
- Nynorsk: keisar m
- Occitan: emperador (oc) m
- Old Occitan: emperador
- Old Czech: ciesař m
- Old English: cāsere m
- Pashto: امپراتور (ps) m (amparātur), کيسر m (kaysar), قيصر (ps) m (qaysar)
- Persian: اِمْپِراطور (fa) (emperâtur), اِمْپِراتور (fa) (emperâtur), قِیْصَر (fa) (qeysar), پادِشاه (fa) (pâdešâh), پادْشاه (fa) (pâdšâh)
- Polish: imperator (pl) m, cesarz (pl) m, car (pl) m, kajzer m, carz (pl) m
- Portuguese: imperador (pt) m
- Punjabi: ਸਮਰਾਟ (pa) (samrāṭ)
- Quechua: qhapaq
- Romanian: împărat (ro) m
- Romansch: imperatur m, imperataur m, imperatour m, caiser m
- Russian: импера́тор (ru) m (imperátor), царь (ru) m (carʹ) (tsar)
- Sanskrit: अधिराज (sa) m (adhirāja), सम्राज् (sa) m (samrāj), राजाधिराज (sa) m (rājādhirāja)
- Saterland Frisian: Kaiser
- Scottish Gaelic: ìmpire m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ца̏р m, импѐра̄тор m, це̏са̄р m
- Latin: cȁr (sh) m, impèrātor (sh) m, cȅsār (sh) m
- Sicilian: mpiraturi
- Silesian: cysŏrz
- Slovak: cisár (sk) m, cár (sk) m (of Russia, Bulgaria)
- Slovene: cêsar (sl) m, imperátor m
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: kejžor m
- Upper Sorbian: kejžor m
- Spanish: emperador (es) m
- Swahili: kaisari
- Swedish: kejsare (sv) c
- Tagalog: emperador (tl)
- Tajik: император (imperator), қайсар (qaysar), подшоҳ (podšoh), подишоҳ (podišoh)
- Tatar: патша (tt) (patşa)
- Telugu: చక్రవర్తి (te) (cakravarti)
- Thai: จักรพรรดิ (th) (jàk-grà-pát), ฮ่องเต้ (th) (hɔ̂ng-dtêe) (emperor of China)
- Turkish: imparator (tr), ilhan (tr)
- Turkmen: imperator, patyşa
- Ukrainian: імпера́тор m (imperátor), цар (uk) m (car) (tsar)
- Urdu: شَہنْشاہ m (śahanśāh), سَمْراٹ m (samrāṭ), قَیصَر m (qaisar)
- Uyghur: ئىمپېراتور (impërator), پادىشا (padisha)
- Uzbek: imperator (uz), qaysar (uz), podsho (uz)
- Venetan: inperadore m, inperador m
- Vietnamese: hoàng đế (vi), thiên hoàng (of Japan)
- Vilamovian: kazer m
- Walloon: impreur (wa) m
- Welsh: ymerawdwr m
- West Frisian: keizer c
- Yiddish: קייסער m (keyser), אימפּעראַטאָר m (imperator)
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