First recorded circa 1226 as empegier,[1] Latin impedicāre. Doublet of empêcher. By surface analysis, en- + piège + -er.
empiéger
This verb is conjugated like protéger. It has both the spelling irregularities of other verbs in -ger (such as manger, where a silent 'e' is inserted before 'a' and 'o' endings (to indicate the /ʒ/ sound), and the spelling and pronunciation irregularities of other verbs in -é-er (such as céder), where the last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è').
| infinitive | simple | empiéger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | empiégeant /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | empiégé /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empièges /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empiégeons /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɔ̃/ |
empiégez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ |
empiègent /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
| imperfect | empiégeais /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ |
empiégeais /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ |
empiégeait /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ |
empiégions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒjɔ̃/ |
empiégiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒje/ |
empiégeaient /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | empiégeai /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ |
empiégeas /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ |
empiégea /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ |
empiégeâmes /ɑ̃.pje.ʒam/ |
empiégeâtes /ɑ̃.pje.ʒat/ |
empiégèrent /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | empiégerai or empiègerai /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁe/ |
empiégeras or empiègeras /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁa/ |
empiégera or empiègera /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁa/ |
empiégerons or empiègerons /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
empiégerez or empiègerez /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁe/ |
empiégeront or empiègeront /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | empiégerais or empiègerais /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
empiégerais or empiègerais /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
empiégerait or empiègerait /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ |
empiégerions or empiègerions /ɑ̃.pjɛ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.pje.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
empiégeriez or empiègeriez /ɑ̃.pjɛ.ʒə.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.pje.ʒə.ʁje/ |
empiégeraient or empiègeraient /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empièges /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
empiégions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒjɔ̃/ |
empiégiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒje/ |
empiègent /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | empiégeasse /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ |
empiégeasses /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ |
empiégeât /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ |
empiégeassions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
empiégeassiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa.sje/ |
empiégeassent /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
— | empiégeons /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɔ̃/ |
empiégez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||