en

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English English

Symbol

en

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for English.

English

Etymology 1

Abbreviation.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɛn/, /ˈiː.ɛn/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)

Noun

en

  1. Abbreviation of English.

Etymology 2

The name of the letter comes from Latin en. The typographic sense dates to 1793.

Pronunciation

Noun

en (plural ens)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.
    The ems and ens at the beginnings and ends.
    • 1773 October, The Monthly Review Or Literary Journal Enlarged:
      The word length, which contains only four sounds l e ng th, is usually spell'd thus, el ee en gee tee aitch.
    • 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:
      I have drunk en-ee-cee-tee-ay-ar from the ef-ell-oh-doubleyou-ee-ar-ess in his gee-ay-ar-dee-ee-en many a time.
  2. (typography) A unit of measurement equal to half an em (half the height of the type in use).
Derived terms

(letter):

(typography, printing):

Translations
See en/translations § Noun.
See also

Etymology 3

From French.

Pronunciation

  • (imitating the French pronunciation) IPA(key): ,
  • (anglicised) IPA(key): /ɒn/, /ɑn/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)

Preposition

en

  1. Used in various phrases borrowed from French or formed as if borrowed from French (see "Derived terms" below).
Derived terms

Etymology 4

From Old English hine.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

en

  1. (dialectal, Newfoundland) him
    • 1895, Thomas Hardy, A Pair of Blue Eyes‎, page 236:
      Such a strappen fine gentleman as he was, too. Yes, I rather like en sometimes.
  2. (dialectal, Newfoundland) it (when the thing being referred to is masculine)

Etymology 5

Noun

en (plural ens)

  1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter Н / н.

Anagrams

Afar

Pronunciation

Verb

én

  1. (intransitive) be, exist

Conjugation

    Conjugation of en (highly irregular)
1st singular 2nd singular 3rd singular 1st plural 2nd plural 3rd plural
m f
perfective V-affirmative enéh tenéh yenéh tenéh nenéh teneeníh yeneeníh
N-affirmative én tén yén tén nén tenén yenén
negative mánanniyo mánannito mánanna mánanna mánannino mánanniton mánannon
imperfective (I) V-affirmative aníh taníh yaníh taníh naníh taniiníh yaniiníh
N-affirmative án tán yán tán nán tanín yanín
negative máan mátan máyan mátan mánan mátanin máyanin
imperfective (II) V-affirmative aniyóh tanitóh yaníh taníh naninóh tanitoonúh yaniiníh
N-affirmative aniyó tanitó yán tán naninó tanitón yanín

References

  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN, page 283
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch en.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

en

  1. and
    Ek sit en drink koeldrank ― I sit and drink a cold drink.
  2. well
    En? ― well?
See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"

Ainu

Pronunciation

Pronoun

en= (Kana spelling エン)

  1. me (first-person singular object pronoun)

See also

Ainu personal pronouns
person isolated form affix form
nominative objective
first singular kuani, kani1 ku=, k=1 (before vowels) en=
exclusive plural ciokay, coka1, ciutari ci=, c=1 =as un=
inclusive plural anokay, aoka1, anutari a=, =an i=
second singular eani e=
plural eciokay, ecioka1, eciutari eci=
singular (polite) anokay, aoka1 a=, =an i=
plural (polite) anokay, aoka1, anutari
third singular sinuma, anihi ∅=
plural okay, oka1
indefinite singular asinuma a=, =an i=
plural anokay, aoka1, anutari
1. Saru dialect

Alemannic German

Etymology

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Cognate with German ein, German Low German en, ein, Dutch een, English one, Icelandic einn, Swedish en.

Pronunciation

Article

en

  1. (indefinite) a, an
    • 1835, Jakob Stutz, Gemälde aus dem Volksleben nach der Natur aufgenommen und treu dargestellt in gereimten Gesprächen Zürcherischer Mundart, first part, 2nd ed., pp. 27, 49, 97, 109:
      • Ih wött dih jetz nu duße möge-n-
        Auh noh en einzigs Wörtli fröge.
      • as en einzigs Mol,
      • Denn ist er si Lebtig e stills Büebli gsi.
      • Aber es wot e chüels Windli goh.
    • 1864, J. C. Ott, Rosen und Dornen. Gedichte und Gerichte, gewachsen auf Bernerboden, 1st small volume, 2nd ed., pp. 53, 57:
      • „„Nu, wenn i öppis by d'r gilte,““
        Seit Franz, – „„so mach en End myr Qual!
        ““
      • „
        O, schenk-mer, Herr, es gnädig's End,
        Nimm uf my Geist i dyni Händ!“
    • 1864, J. C. Ott, Rosen und Dornen. Gedichte und Gerichte, gewachsen auf Bernerboden, 1st small volume, 2nd ed., pp. 43, 76, 106, 186:
      • E Mezgerbursch i syne schönste Jahre
        Mit rothe Backe, schwarze, chruse Haare,
        Chunt spät am Aabe ganz allei
        Vom Erlebacher-Märit hei.
      • Im Berner Alpeg'länd sitzt vor sym chlyne Hüsi

        En alte Veteran vom Cheiserrych
        Na Dörflerg'wohnheit i d'r Gartenlaube.
      • Da villicht en alte Jud,
      • En Ehrebrecher isch sy Kamerad,
    • Joh. Schönauer, Beschreibung miner Heimat, in: 1876, Volksthümliches aus dem Kanton Bern. Localsagen und Satzungen des Aberglaubens. Gesammelt von Heinrich Grunholzer durch seine Seminarzöglinge. Zusammengestellt und herausgegeben von J. E. Rothenbach. Separat-Abdruck aus der „Neuen Alpenpost“, p. 5:
      Vor zwei Jahra ist z' Höchstetta, das 20 Minuta vo Zäziwyl ist, emene Länder-Güterfuhrma der Waga verbrönnt worda.

Declension

Zürich:

Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative en e e (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)
Dative eme ene eme
Accusative en e e (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)

Bern:

Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative e (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)		 e (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)		 es (before a consonant)
Dative emene
Accusative e (before a consonant) e (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)		 es (before a consonant)
en (before a vowel)

Asturian

Alternative forms

  • in (Paḷḷuezu)

Pronunciation

Etymology

From Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

Preposition

en

  1. in
  2. (+ gerund) after
    En comiendo, voi marchar
    After eating, I'll leave

Usage notes

  • The preposition en contracts to n' before a word beginning with a vowel or h-: n'Asturies (in Asturias), n'honor (in honor)

Derived terms

Aukan

Etymology

From English and.

Noun

en

  1. and

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ēn.

Pronunciation

Noun

en (definite accusative eni, plural enlər)

  1. width
    Synonym: genişlik

Declension

    Declension of en
singular plural
nominative en
 enlər
definite accusative eni
 enləri
dative enə
 enlərə
locative endə
 enlərdə
ablative endən
 enlərdən
definite genitive enin
 enlərin
    Possessive forms of en
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enim enlərim
sənin (“your”) enin enlərin
onun (“his/her/its”) eni enləri
bizim (“our”) enimiz enlərimiz
sizin (“your”) eniniz enləriniz
onların (“their”) eni or enləri enləri
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimi enlərimi
sənin (“your”) enini enlərini
onun (“his/her/its”) enini enlərini
bizim (“our”) enimizi enlərimizi
sizin (“your”) eninizi enlərinizi
onların (“their”) enini or enlərini enlərini
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimə enlərimə
sənin (“your”) eninə enlərinə
onun (“his/her/its”) eninə enlərinə
bizim (“our”) enimizə enlərimizə
sizin (“your”) eninizə enlərinizə
onların (“their”) eninə or enlərinə enlərinə
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimdə enlərimdə
sənin (“your”) enində enlərində
onun (“his/her/its”) enində enlərində
bizim (“our”) enimizdə enlərimizdə
sizin (“your”) eninizdə enlərinizdə
onların (“their”) enində or enlərində enlərində
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimdən enlərimdən
sənin (“your”) enindən enlərindən
onun (“his/her/its”) enindən enlərindən
bizim (“our”) enimizdən enlərimizdən
sizin (“your”) eninizdən enlərinizdən
onların (“their”) enindən or enlərindən enlərindən
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) enimin enlərimin
sənin (“your”) eninin enlərinin
onun (“his/her/its”) eninin enlərinin
bizim (“our”) enimizin enlərimizin
sizin (“your”) eninizin enlərinizin
onların (“their”) eninin or enlərinin enlərinin

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ēn”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • “en” in Obastan.com.

Breton

Contraction

en

  1. e (preposition "in") + un (indefinite article "a(n)")
  2. e (preposition "in") + an (definite article "the")

Catalan

Etymology 1

From the final syllable of Latin domine (“Mister”).

Pronunciation

Article

en m sg (elided n', feminine na)

  1. (Eastern) Personal article used before masculine given names instead of the definite article el.
    En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.
    Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.
Usage notes
  • While this article (and its feminine counterpart na) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article els is used in all dialects.
Derived terms
  • can (contraction of ca and ne)

Etymology 2

From Latin in (“in, inside”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin inde (“thence”). Compare French en, Italian ne.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

en (proclitic, contracted n', enclitic ne, contracted enclitic 'n)

  1. Represents an indeterminate number or quantity of a given noun.
  2. Represents a place (associated with the action described by the verb) that would be introduced by the preposition de.
  3. Replaces a phrase introduced by the preposition de.
  4. Replaces the object of a causative verb.
Usage notes
  • en cannot be used more than once as the object of a given verb.
  • While en is usually used to replace phrases beginning with the preposition de, adverbial phrases (e.g., de pressa) are replaced with hi.
  • en is sometimes used instead of ho to replace an adjective or indefinite noun as the predicate of a verb.
  • en is sometimes used popularly to add emphasis to a sentence: in this sense, it has no translation in English.
  • en is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
Declension
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.
See also

Further reading

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Noun

en f (plural ens)

  1. (traditional) Alternative form of ena (“the letter N”)

Central Franconian

Etymology 1

From Old High German in.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. (most dialects) in; into

Adverb

en

  1. (most dialects) in

Etymology 2

From Old High German indi.

Alternative forms

  • on, un (predominant)

Pronunciation

Conjunction

en

  1. (some western dialects) and

Etymology 3

From Old High German ein.

Alternative forms

  • e (neuter and in some dialects masculine, before non-dental consonants)

Pronunciation

Article

en (indefinite)

  1. (most dialects) feminine nominative and accusative
  2. (most dialects) neuter nominative and accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
  3. (some dialects) masculine nominative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants
  4. (some dialects) masculine accusative, used before vowels and alternatively before h and dental consonants

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Pronoun

en (personal, reduced)

  1. (most dialects) him; masculine accusative
  2. (some dialects) he; masculine nominative
  3. (most dialects) them; plural dative

Chamorro

Pronunciation

Pronoun

en

  1. ye, you (plural)

Usage notes

See also

Chamorro personal pronouns
hu-type pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person hu ta in
2nd person un en
3rd person ha ma
yoʼ-type pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person yoʼ hit ham
2nd person hao hamyo
3rd person gueʼ siha
emphatic pronouns
singular plural inclusive plural exclusive
1st person guahu hita hami
2nd person hagu hamyo
3rd person guiya siha

References

  • Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar‎, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Chuukese

Pronoun

en

  1. Second-person singular pronoun; you

See also

Chuukese personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ngaang, nganga, ngang áám, am (exclusive)
kiich, kich (inclusive)
2nd person een, en áámi, ami
3rd person iiy, i iir, ir

Determiner

en (plural ekkan)

  1. this (not in possession of the speaker)

Cimbrian

Pronoun

en

  1. Alternative form of in (“him”)

Further reading

  • “en” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Crimean Tatar

Noun

en

  1. width

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

en n (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.

Further reading

  • en in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • en in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin in.

Preposition

en

  1. in

Related terms

Danish

Danish cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : første

Etymology

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

Article

en (neuter et)

  1. a, an

Numeral

en (neuter et)

  1. one

Pronoun

en or én (neuter et or ét, definite ene)

  1. one

Usage notes

  • Used as the oblique form of the generic pronoun man:
    Hvis ens lærer behandler en uretfærdigt, kan man klage til skolens leder
    If one's teacher treats one unfairly, one can complain to the head of the school

References

  1. ^ Erik Hansen & Lars Hedtoft, Grammatik over det Danske Sprog (Odense 2011), vol. 2, 557.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ende, from Old Dutch ande, inde, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

Conjunction

en

  1. and
    De oude man en de zee. ― The Old Man and the Sea.
  2. well, so
    En, hoe gaat het ermee? ― Well, how're you doing?
    En? ― Well?
    En, wat zou dat? ― So what?
  3. (mathematics) plus, and
    Drie en vier is zeven. ― Three plus four is seven.
Alternative forms
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: en
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: an
  • Jersey Dutch: en
  • Negerhollands: en, an
  • Petjo: en
  • Sranan Tongo: èn
See also

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch ne, en, from Old Dutch ne, from Proto-Germanic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Adverb

en

  1. (colloquial or dialectal in Belgium, obsolete elsewhere) not (often with another negator, see usage notes)
    • 1544, "Van proper Janneken" (song 123), in Dieuwke E. van der Poel, Dirk Geirnaert, Hermina Joldersma, J.B. Oosterman & Louis Peter Grijp (eds.) Het Antwerps liedboek, vol. 1, Lannoo (publ. 2004), page 283.
      Schoon soete lief, waert u bequame / Dat ghi mi gaeft een troostelijc woort, / Ic en soude certeyn geen ander boelken kiesen, / Al sout mi oock aen mijn leven gaen.
      Beautiful sweet darling, if it were pleasing to you / that you gave me a word of consolation, / I would certainly choose no other girlfriend, / even if it were to put my life at risk.
    • 1632, Jacob Cats, Spiegel van den ouden ende nieuwen tijt, bestaende uyt spreeckwoorden ende sinspreucken, "Een rotten appel in de mande, maeckt oock het gave fruyt te schande.", in J. van Vloten (ed.), Alle de werken, vol. 1, 1862, page 649.
      Daer magh geen rotte peer in onse manden wesen, / En wat'er niet en deught, dat dient'er uyt gelesen;
      There should not be any rotten pear in our baskets, / and what is not of decent quality, that ought be taken out of it;
    • "Herr Halewyn", A.H. Hoffmann von Fallersleben, Horae Belgicae, page 41.
      ‘Uw zoon heer Halewyn is gaen jagen, / g’ en ziet hem weêr uw levens dagen.’
      'Your son Lord Halewyn has gone hunting / you won't see him again for the rest of your life.'
    • c. 1860, Guido Gezelle, Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan:
      Gij zegt dat 't vlaamsch te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! / dat 't waalsch gezwets zal boven slaan: / 't en zal!
      You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't! / That Walloon banter will gain the upper hand: / No, it won't!
    ...dat aldaer binnen Utrecht niet meer geacht ende respecteert en wordt, ... ― that in Utrecht is no longer valued and respected...
  2. (obsolete) only, merely, no other than, none other than (together with maar)
Usage notes
  • In historical usage, en is always used directly before the finite verb. When used to negate it is commonly accompanied by another negator: gij en zult niet stelen (“thou shalt not steal”), en wat er niet en deugt (“and what is not of decent quality”), ik en zoude certein geen ander boelken kiezen (“I would certainly not choose another girlfriend”). Also when used as a stand-alone negator or when combined with maar, it still stands directly before the finite verb. Use of the particle does not trigger a change in the word order.
  • In Belgian Dutch it is still sometimes used in certain regional lects and in the tussentaal (“informal registers influenced by both Standard Belgian Dutch and the regional lects”). Details and frequency of use depend on what regional language variety influences a given speaker's idiom, as well as on the speaker's preferences.
    • In West Flemish usage broadly conforms to historical use: the negation particle may be used along with other negators, independentely or it may be omitted. It is also used as a stand-alone negator to contradict a previous statement that was phrased with positive polarity: Gij zegt dat 't Vlaams te niet zal gaan: / 't en zal! (“You say that Flemish will go extinct: / no, it won't!”)
    • In Belgian Brabantian it is frequently omitted, but it may also be used directly before another negator rather than before the finite verb: en niet.
  • In contemporary Netherlands Dutch the use of the particle is limited to old proverbs, such as wat baten kaars en bril als de uil niet zien en wil.

Anagrams

Esperanto

Etymology

Primarily from French en.

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in, within, inside
    Ĝi estas en la domo. ― It is in (within, inside) the house.
  2. into (when followed by a noun or phrase in the accusative case)
    Li iras en la domon. ― He goes into the house.

Derived terms

Fala

Alternative forms

  • in (Valverdeñu)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.

Preposition

en

  1. in
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:
      Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberarius con menus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu: […]
      As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign States with less territory than our three places, such as:

Usage notes

  • When followed by the articles u/o, a, us/os, as; it contracts to nu/no, na, nus/nos, nas respectively.
  • The form in is more common in Valverdeñu.

References

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Finnish

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Verb

en

  1. first-person singular indicative of ei

Derived terms

Anagrams

French

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle French en, from Old French en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

Preposition

en

  1. in (used to indicate space, also see usage notes)
    J’habite en Angleterre. ― I live in England.
  2. to (indicates direction towards certain very large locations, see usage notes)
    Il est allé en France. ― He went to France.
  3. by (used to indicate means)
    aller en bus ― go by bus
    partir en voiture ― leave by car
  4. as
    Il me traite en ami. ― He treats me as a friend.
    habillé en père Noël ― dressed as Father Christmas
  5. at (used to describe an ability)
    fort en histoire ― good at history
  6. of, made of (used to describe composition)
    une chaise en hêtre ― a chair made of beech/a beech chair
    une fourchette en métal ― a fork made of metal/a metal fork
  7. in (during the following time (used for months and years))
    en 1993 ― in 1993
    en janvier ― in January
    en septembre 2001 ― in September 2001
  8. (followed by a gerund) while
  9. (followed by a gerund) by, in (describing a way of getting something)
    C’est en trichant qu’il est devenu champion. ― It was by cheating that he became champion.
  10. in (used to describe color)
    une photo en noir et blanc ― a photo in black and white
  11. in (used to describe feelings)
    en détresse ― in distress
  12. in (as part of something)
    en équipe ― on a team
Usage notes
  • En in the sense of while is often not translated into English.
  • When referring to location in countries, provinces, or similar subdivisions in sense 1 and direction in sense 2, en must be used when the name for that very large location is either a feminine singular noun or a vowel-initial masculine singular noun. If the name for the very large location is a consonant-initial masculine singular noun, au is used, while if the name of the very large location is plural, aux is used.
Derived terms

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Latin inde (“thence”). Compare Catalan en, Italian ne.

Pronoun

en

  1. Used as the object of a verb to indicate an indefinite quantity; of it, of them. Replaces the partitive article (du, de la, etc.)
    Essaies-en !
    Try some (of it / them)!
    Tu as combien de livres ? J’en ai trois.
    How many books do you have? I have three (of them).
    Y a-t-il beaucoup de pièces ? Oui. Il y en a beaucoup.
    Are there many rooms? Yes, there are many (of them).
    Martin a trois sandwichs, mais j’en ai seulement deux.
    Martin has three sandwiches, but I have only two (of them).
    Il y en a combien ?
    How many of them are there?
    Je bois de l’alcool parce que j’en ai besoin
    I drink alcohol because I need it.
    • 1654, Blaise Pascal, Traité du triangle arithmétique :
      J'en donnerai ici la méthode, que je poursuivrai seulement en deux ou trois exemples, qui seront si aisés à continuer qu'il ne sera pas nécessaire d'en donner davantage.
      I shall give (of it) here the method that I shall pursue only in two or three examples, which will be so easy to continue that it will not be necessary to give more of them.
  2. Adverbial preposition indicating movement away from a place already mentioned; from there, from it. Replaces the phrase de là or d’ici.
    Est-ce qu’elle vient de Barcelone ? Oui, elle en vient.
    Does she come from Barcelona? Yes, she comes from there.
Related terms
French personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Disjunctive
(tonic)
Singular First — je, j’ me, m’ moi
Second — tu te, t’ toi
Third Masculine il le, l’ lui lui
Feminine elle la, l’ elle
Gender neutral5 iel lea ellui
Indeterminate on1 — — —
Reflexive — se, s’4 soi4
Plural First — nous nous nous
Second — vous2 vous2,3 vous2
Third Masculine ils3 les leur eux
Feminine elles elles
Gender neutral5 iels elleux
1 Also used as the first person plural.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
5 Colloquial, and not in popular use.

Anagrams

Fula

Pronoun

en

  1. first person plural inclusive pronoun;short form we

Usage notes

See also

References

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in
  2. when preceding a verb or a complement of a verb it can denote an unfinished or continued action:
    O Manuel vai na casa ― Manuel went home (implying that eventually he'll be back)
    María beberrica no licor ― María is sipping the liquor
    • 1822, anonymous author, A Parola Polêteca:
      En escoitalo, señor tio Calacú, xà o peléxo do meu corpo tembra. Sei que á tanta agua que acarrexóu amolentoulle os miolos, é por eso louquéa
      While listening to you, my sir uncle Pumpkin, my body's skin trembles. Perhaps the much water you have carried softened you brain, and therefore you are going insane
    • 1853, Xosé Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega:
      xa morder ti ben non podes
      con tal podrico nos dentes,
      inda no pan teño mentes
      seique non podes chanchar
      you can no longer aptly eat
      with such rottenness in you teeth,
      even bread, I think,
      probably you cannot gnaw
Usage notes
  • The preposition en contracts to n- before articles, before third-person tonic pronouns, and before the determiners algún and outro.
Derived terms
in/on + the table
- Singular Plural
Masculine no nos
Feminine na nas
in/on + indefinite article table
- Singular
a		 Plural
some
Masculine nun nuns
Feminine nunha nunhas

Etymology 2

Probably from Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin inde.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

en

  1. while; as soon as (followed by the gerund of a verb, expresses immediacy or simultaneity)
    En chegando mudas a roupa mollada ― As soon as you arrive change your wet clothes
    • 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla., Ourense: I. E. O. P. F, page 111:
      Et o conde, en chegando et ferindo logo ẽnos mouros, todo en hũu o fezo
      And the count, arriving, and hurting promptly the Moors, all in one he did that
    • 1460, Rui Vasques, Corónica de Iria:
      en leendo perlos llibros algũus de canõicas antijgas, et preujlegios goticos dos santos catholicos et deuotos bispos de Yria et porla Escriptura, achey o fundamento para rreduzir aa memoria dos homes quanto durarõ çertas ydades
      reading books, some of them of ancient canons, and Gothic privileges of the saint Catholic and devout bishops of Iria, and through the Bible, I found the foundation for reducing to the mind of men for how long some ages lasted
    • 1461, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 141:
      dito testigo en seendo moço pequeno con seu tyo Afonso Dominges, guardando o gaando en Curro do Moyño, que le dixera o dito Afonso Domingees "bees, por aquy se parte ho término do conde do de Juan d'Estúñiga
      said witness being a young boy and together with his uncle Afonso Domínguez, watching the cattle in Curro do Muíño, he was told by said Afonso Domínguez: "you see, here the term of the count limits with that of Xoán de Estúñiga"
    • 1858, Francisco María de la Iglesia, O orfiño da arquiña:
      Que pan e insinanza
      Pardiola has de ter,
      Roupiña e oficio
      Para deprender;
      E ende sendo grande
      Si es home de ben,
      Na Seña Duquesa
      Madriña tamén
      Such bread and teaching
      By gosh you'll have!
      Clothes and office
      to learn;
      And them when you're big
      If you're a good man
      our Lady the Duchess
      will be also your protector

References

  • “en” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “en” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “en” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “en” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

German Low German

Alternative forms

  • 'n, -'n
  • (in other dialects, including Low Prussian) een
  • (in some dialects) ein
  • (East Pomeranian) ain

Etymology

From Middle Low German ên, from Old Saxon ēn. Compare Dutch een, German ein, West Frisian ien, English one.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛɪ̯n/, /ˈeːn/, /ˈæɪ̯n/, /ˈeːɪ̯n/

Article

en m or n (indefinite article)

  1. (in some dialects) a, an

Numeral

en

  1. (in some dialects, including Low Prussian) one (1)

See also

  • Dutch Low Saxon: een
  • Plautdietsch een, (cardinal number) eent

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French un (“one”), from Latin ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

Numeral

en

  1. one

Synonyms

See also

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

Determiner

en (indefinite)

  1. a, an
    Sie sitze aan em runde Disch.
    They are sitting at a round table.

Pronoun

en

  1. unstressed accusative of er: him.

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
Proclitic Enclitic str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich

eich

-ich mich

meich

meer mer

m'r

2nd person singular
(informal) 		du

dau/Dau

-du, -de

-Dau, -De

dich

deich/Deich

deer der

d'r/D'r

3rd person singular (m.) er; där -er ihn en ihm em
3rd person singular (f.) sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer

ehr

re
3rd person singular (n.) es; das

et, 't

's es

et

-et, -'t

ihm em
1st person plural meer mer uns

uhs

2nd person plural deer

Ehr, Dehr

der eich

Auch

3rd person plural sie; die -se sie se denne

Declension

Hunsrik indefinite articles
Masculine Feminine Neutral
nom./acc. en

e

en

e

en

e

dative em ener em

Further reading

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse en. the comparative superior conjunction & the hesitational cunjunction have developed seperately into the same form. the comparative cunjunction is -an in the old language, -þan on runestone probably is related to -then, while the other form (hesitational) has formed from the augmentive.

Pronunciation

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Adverb

en

  1. how
    Nei, Elín? En gaman að sjá þig! ― Elín? How good to see you!

Conjunction

en

  1. but
    Ég drekk kaffi en ég drekk ekki te. ― I drink coffee but I don't drink tea.
    Ég ætla að fá brauð en ekki mjólk. ― I'll have bread but not milk.
  2. than (with an adjective in the comparative)
    Ég er betri en bróðir minn. ― I'm better than my brother.
    Hún er skemmtilegri en ég. ― She is more fun than I am.
  4. (formal written language) used to join closely linked sentences, similar to a semicolon in English
    Rannsókn embættis sérstaks saksóknara á meintum innherjasvikum Baldurs Guðlaugssonar stóð yfir í rúmlega ár, en FME kærði málið með bréfi til embættisins hinn 9. júlí á síðasta ári.
  5. conjunction similar to and
    Sonur hans hét Jón, en dóttir hans Ása. ― His son was named John and his daughter was named Ása.
    Veðrið var ekki gott framan af: rigning á fjallinu, en þoka í byggð. ― The weather was not good to begin with: rain in the mountains, and fog in the countryside.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “Baldur ákærður fyrir innherjasvik og brot í opinberu starfi”, in Vísir‎, 2019 April 25 (last accessed), archived from the original on 19 September 2016

Ido

Etymology

From French en, Spanish en, from Latin in, inde from Proto-Indo-European *én (“in”).

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch en.

Pronunciation

Noun

èn

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.

See also

Further reading

Ingrian

Pronunciation

Verb

en

  1. first-person singular indicative of ei

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 29
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 24

Anagrams

Japanese

Romanization

en

  1. Rōmaji transcription of えん

Jersey Dutch

Etymology 1

From Dutch een (“a”). Cognates include Afrikaans 'n.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Article

en

  1. (indefinite article) Placed before a singular noun, indicating a general case of a person or thing: a, an.

Etymology 2

From Dutch en. Cognates include Afrikaans en.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

en

  1. and
    • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
      Hai waz nît tevrêde täus en […]
      He was not content at home and

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese em.

Preposition

en

  1. in

Kott

Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔäń (˜x-) ("wave").

Noun

en (plural ēnaŋ)

  1. wave

Noun

en

  1. plural of ei

Kriol

Etymology

From English and.

Conjunction

en

  1. and

Ladino

Preposition

en (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אין)

  1. in
    • 2000, David Altabé, “Ay koza triste en ser Sefaradi”, in Esther Benbassa, editor, Les Sépharades en littérature, page 164:
      En todas partes del mundo bivi,
      i pedasos de mi alma abandoni
      I've lived in all parts of the world,
      and abandoned pieces of my soul
    • 2014, Şeli GAON, “La solidaridad”, in Şalom Gazetesi‎:
      Deke la solidaridad es emportante? Porke la solidaridad es lo djusto. Porke; todos bivimos en una sosyetad...
      Why is solidarity important? Because solidarity is what is right. Because we all live in a society...

Latin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Interjection

ēn

  1. lookǃ beholdǃ (presenting something in a lively or indignant manner)
  2. reallyǃ? (surprise or anger in questions)
  3. come onǃ (exhortation to action in imperatives)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

en f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter N.
Usage notes
  • Multiple Latin names for the letter N, n have been suggested. The most common is en or a syllabic n, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, nē, ən, nə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιννε (inne).
Coordinate terms

References

  • en in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • en in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63

Etymology 3

Preposition

en

  1. Early Latin form of in (“in”)

Latvian

Pronunciation

(file)

Noun

en m (invariable)

  1. The Latvian name of the Latin script letter N/n.

See also

Leonese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin in.

Preposition

en

  1. in

Usage notes

When followed by an article, en is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:

Contractions of en
en + article Combined form
en + el nel
en + la na
en + lu nu
en + los nos
en + las nas
en + article Combined form
en + un nun
en + una nuna
en + unos nunos
en + unas nunas
en + pronoun Combined form
en + el nél
en + eilla neilla
en + eillu neillu
en + eillos neillos
en + eillas neillas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + esti nesti en + ésti nésti
en + esta nesta en + ésta nésta
en + estu nestu en + éstu néstu
en + estos nestos en + éstos néstos
en + estas nestas en + éstas néstas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + esi nesi en + ési nési
en + esa nesa en + ésa nésa
en + esu nesu en + ésu nésu
en + esos nesos en + ésos nésos
en + esas nesas en + ésas nésas
en + dem. adjective Combined form en + dem. pronoun Combined form
en + aquel naquel en + aquél naquél
en + aqueilla naqueilla en + aquéilla naquéilla
en + aqueillu naqueillu en + aquéillu naquéillu
en + aqueillos naqueillos en + aquéillos naquéillos
en + aqueillas naqueillas en + aquéillas naquéillas

References

Livvi

Pronunciation

Verb

en

  1. first-person singular indicative of ei

References

  • N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect]‎ (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
  • Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 142
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Noun

en m inan

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter n.

See also

Lule Sami

Verb

en

  1. first-person dual present of ij

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Old High German ein, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz.

Pronunciation

Article

en m or n

  1. Indefinite article; a, an
    Ech droen en Hutt wann et reent. ― I wear a hat when it rains.
    Hues du e bloe Stëft? ― Do you have a blue pen?

Declension

Luxembourgish indefinite articles
masculine feminine neuter plural
nom./acc. en eng en (eng)
dative engem enger engem (engen)
Plural forms indicate a vague number (before numerals and certain adjectives).

Pronoun

en

  1. unstressed form of hien
    Hues de n e gefrot? ― Have you asked him?
  2. unstressed form of hinnen
    Ech hunn et e gesot. ― I told it them

Usage notes

  • Due to the Eifel Rule, the final -n is lost when the following word begins with a consonant other than <d>, <h>, <n>, <t> or <z>.

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech Iech Iech Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech iech iech iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Mandarin

Romanization

en (en5／en0, Zhuyin ˙ㄣ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嗯

Romanization

en

  1. Nonstandard spelling of ēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of én.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of ěn.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of èn.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

Adverb

en

  1. Alternative form of ne (“not”)

Conjunction

en

  1. Alternative form of ende (“and”)

Middle English

Preposition

en

  1. Alternative form of in (“in”)

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French en, from Latin in.

Preposition

en

  1. on; on to

Descendants

  • French: en

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ne (“not”).

Pronunciation

Unknown, possibly IPA(key): /ɛn/ or /ən/.

Particle

en m

  1. not; negates a verb, usage is facultative if it leads to a double negative
    Idt en sal nümant syn Erve vryg verkopenn dar ander lüde wat anne hebbet. he en segget den kop to varenn.
    Nobody shall sell his inheritance, to which other people have rights attached, freely, unless he tell this to the buyer beforehand...
  2. unless
    Idt en sal nümant syn Erve vryg verkopenn dar ander lüde wat anne hebbet. he en segget den kop to varenn.
    Nobody shall sell his inheritance, to which other people have rights attached, freely, unless he tell this to the buyer beforehand...

Alternative forms

  • ne (older, Eastphalian)

Movima

Verb

en

  1. to stand

Further reading

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Bokmål cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : første

Etymology

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

Article

en m (feminine ei or (non-standard since 1938) e, neuter et)

  1. a, an (indefinite article)

Numeral

en m (feminine ei, neuter ett, stressed én)

  1. one

Derived terms

See also

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Conjunction

en

  1. (pre-1901) alternative form of enn

Etymology 2

Article

en

  1. (dialectal, nonstandard) Alternative form of ein

Etymology 3

Preposition

en

  1. Used as part of set phrases from French

Etymology 4

Conjunction

en

  1. Used as part of the expression stopp en hal

Old French

Alternative forms

  • in (10th century)

Etymology

From Latin in.

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in; inside
    • 1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine):
      Et pour ce qu’il se complaint moult de froit et horipilacion, pour ce au commencement on luy doit mettre les piés et les mains en eaue chaulde
      And if he complains about cold and shivers, to start with one must put his feet and is hands in hot water
  2. on; upon
    • 12th Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:
      qi en la crois fu mis
      who was put on the cross
  3. in (experiencing an emotion, a feeling, etc.)
    en paine ― in pain
  4. in (indicates a language)
    en latin ― in Latin

Descendants

  • Middle French: en
    • French: en
  • Norman: en

Old Frisian

Old Frisian cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ēn
    Ordinal : ērest

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ain. Cognates include Old English ān and Old Saxon ēn.

Pronunciation

Numeral

ēn m or n

  1. one
    ēn skilling ― one shilling

Article

ēn m or n

  1. a, an

Declension

Declension of ēn
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēn, ān ēne ēn
Accusative ēnne, ānne ēne ēn
Genitive ēnes ēnere, ēnre ēnes
Dative ēne ēnere, ēnre ēne

Descendants

  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum:
    Föhr: een m, ian f or n
    Amrum: ään m, ian f or n
    Goesharde:
    Hoolmer: åån m, iin f or n
    Hoorninger: aan m, iin f or n
    Halligen: aon m, ian f or n
    Heligoland: iaan, jaan
    Mooring: ån m, iinj f or n
    Sylt: jen
    Wiedingharde: oan m, iin f or n
  • Saterland Frisian: aan m, een f or n
  • West Frisian: ien

References

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in
    • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 294 (facsimile):
      omo hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſṫa maṙi poꝛ q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtaua a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.
      How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.

Descendants

  • Fala: en
  • Galician: en
  • Portuguese: em

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *anþi, *andi. Unstressed doublet of enn (“yet, still”).

Conjunction

en

  2. but
  3. (as a copulative): and
    Synonym: ok
Descendants
  • Icelandic: en
  • Old Swedish: æn

Etymology 2

From earlier an (“than”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þan, possibly through *þannai, whence cognate with Old English þonne (“than”). For similar loss of þ- compare at from earlier Proto-Norse ᚦᚨᛏ (þat), ᚦᛡᛏ (þᴀt).

Conjunction

en

  2. than
    Synonym: an
Descendants
  • Icelandic: en
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: enn
  • Norwegian Bokmål: enn
  • Old Swedish: æn
  • Danish: end

References

  • en in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Occitan

Pronoun

en

  1. of it; of them
    • 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Can vei la lauzeta mover
      Ailas! Tan cuidava saber
      D'amor, e tan petit en sai,
      Alas! I thought I knew so much
      about love, and I know so little !

Old Saxon

Old Saxon cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ēn

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ain.

Pronunciation

Numeral

en m

  1. one
    thoh uui hēr te meti habdin garu im te geƀanne sō uui mahtin fargelden mēst tueho uuāri is noh than that iro ēnig thar ēnes gināmi
    Though we had food that we should buy to give him. The most doubt is still there that anyone once felt
    (Heliand, verse 2637)

Article

en m

  1. a, an (rarely used)

Declension

Declension of ēn
Masculine Neuter Feminine
nominative ēn ēn ēn
accusative ēnana ēn ēna
genitive ēnes ēnes ēnaro
dative ēnumu ēnumu ēnaro


Descendants

  • Middle Low German: ên, ein
    • Low German:
      • German Low German: een (Hamburgisch)
      • Westphalian:
        Lippisch: eun
        Ravensbergisch: åine
        Sauerländisch: ên
        Westmünsterländisch: een, eene, ne
    • Plautdietsch: een

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.

Numeral

ēn m or f

  1. one

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German ein.

Pronunciation

Article

en

  1. a, an

Declension

Declension of en
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative en en en –
dative emme
me 		re emme
me 		–
accusative en en en –

Pronoun

en

  1. accusative of er: him

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person 2nd person
familiar 		2nd person
polite/formal 		3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f n
nominative ich du
de1 		dihr
der1
Sie 		er sie
se1 		es mir
mer1 		dihr
der1 		sie
dative mir
mer1 		dir
der1 		eich
Ihne
Ne1 		ihm
em1 		ihre
re1 		ihm
em1 		uns eich ihne
ne1
accusative mich dich eich
Sie 		ihn
en1 		sie
se1 		es sie

1unstressed   

Slovene

Slovene numbers (edit)
10
 ←  0 1 2  →  10  → 
    Cardinal: en
    Nominalized cardinal: eden
    Cardinal prefix: eno-
    Ordinal: prvi
    Fixed ordinal: prvoten
    Latinate ordinal: primaren
    Ordinal prefix: prvo-
    Number: ena
    Digit: enka
    Digit place: enica
    Adverbial: prvič
    Krat adverbial: prvikrat
    Multiplier: enojen
    Krat multiplier: enkrat
    Fixed multiplier: enkraten
    Adverbial multiplier: enojno
    Latinate multiplier: singleten
    Multiplier verb: poeniti
    Multiplier prefix: enojn-
    Krat multiplier prefix: enkratn-
    Krat adverbial multiplier: enkratno
    Collective: enoje
    Separable collective: enoj
    Greek or Latinate collective: monada
    Greek collective prefix: mono-
    Latinate collective prefix: uni-
    Fractional: enina
    Greek prefix: proto-
    Number of musicians: solo

Etymology

Contraction of earlier êden, from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ.

Pronunciation 1

Numeral

ȅn

  1. one
Usage notes

The form éden is used when the word does not modify a noun directly, but stands in predicate position. When counting or reciting numbers, the feminine form éna is normally used (see the number box).

Declension
First declension (hard), fixed accent
masculine feminine neuter
nom sg ȅn éna éno
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		ȅn éna éno
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énega éne énega
dative
dajȃlnik 		énemu éni énemu
accusative
tožȋlnik 		nominanim
genanim 		éno éno
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énem éni énem
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énim éno énim
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȅn ȇna ȇno
Other forms
positive comparative superlative
accusative singular masculine isolated form énega – –
accusative singular neuter isolated form éno, énega – –
adverb – – –


Derived terms

Determiner

ȅn

  1. (colloquial) some (someone/something – indefinite determiner)
    Synonyms: nekȁk, nekȁkšen
    Eni moški stojijo tam. ― Some men are standing there.
  2. (colloquial, also unstressed) some (someone/something arbitrary – unspecified determiner)
    Synonyms: kāk, kākšen
Declension
First declension (hard), fixed accent
masculine feminine neuter
nom sg én éna éno
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		én éna éno
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énega éne énega
dative
dajȃlnik 		énemu éni énemu
accusative
tožȋlnik 		nominanim
genanim 		éno éno
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énem, énemu éni énem, énemu
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énim éno énim
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇn ȇna ȇno
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		éna éni éni
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énih énih énih
dative
dajȃlnik 		énima énima énima
accusative
tožȋlnik 		éna éni éni
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énih énih énih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énima énima énima
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇna éni éni
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		éni éne éna
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énih énih énih
dative
dajȃlnik 		énim énim énim
accusative
tožȋlnik 		éne éne éna
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énih énih énih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énimi énimi énimi
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇni ȇne ȇna
Positive definite forms
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		éni éna éno
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énega éne énega
dative
dajȃlnik 		énemu éni énemu
accusative
tožȋlnik 		nominanim
genanim 		éno éno
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énem, énemu éni énem, énemu
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énim éno énim
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇni ȇna ȇno
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		éna éni éni
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énih énih énih
dative
dajȃlnik 		énima énima énima
accusative
tožȋlnik 		éna éni éni
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énih énih énih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énima énima énima
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇna ȇni ȇni
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		éni éne éna
genitive
rodȋlnik 		énih énih énih
dative
dajȃlnik 		énim énim énim
accusative
tožȋlnik 		éne éne éna
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		énih énih énih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		énimi énimi énimi
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		ȇni ȇne ȇna
Other forms
positive comparative superlative
accusative singular masculine isolated form énega – –
accusative singular neuter isolated form éno, énega – –
adverb – – –


Noun

ȅn m anim

  1. (regional) Alternative form of éden

Pronunciation 2

Article

en

  1. (colloquial, regional) a
    To je ena velika izmišljotina! ― This is a big made-up story.

Further reading

  • “en”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “en”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish en, from Latin in, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Cognate with Old English in and English in.

Pronunciation

Preposition

en

  1. in, at, on
    Estoy en casa. ― I'm at home.
    Estoy sentado en la computadora. ― I'm sitting at the computer.
    en esta página ― on this page
    en la caja en la mesa ― in the box on the table
  2. in (a time)
    en la antigüedad ― in antiquity
    en 1999 ― in 1999
  3. in (a language)
    No conozco esta palabra en francés.
    I don't know this word in French.
    en todos los idiomas ― in all languages
  4. used after some verbs and translated by various prepositions in English
    Pienso en ti. ― I'm thinking of you.
  5. in (in various expressions)
    en el sentido ― in the sense
    en nuestro afán ― in our eagerness

Further reading

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

Etymology

From older hem, from English him.

Pronoun

en

  1. Third-person singular possessive determiner/pronoun; his, her, its

Pronoun

en

  1. Third-person singular object pronoun; him, her, it
  2. Contrastive variant of a; he, she, it.

Sumerian

Romanization

en

  1. Romanization of 𒂗 (en)

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish ēn, æn, from Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation 1

Pronoun

en (genitive ens)

  1. one; object form of man (=one)
    Det man inte vet skadar en inte
    What one doesn’t know doesn’t hurt one.
  2. one (see usage notes)
Usage notes

En has in recent years been used as a more gender-conscious alternative to the impersonal pronoun man. The development is in some ways parallel to the gender-neutral pronoun hen. Usage is common among certain speaker groups, but not universally acknowledged in the standard language. Previously it has also been used in some dialects.

Declension
Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen hen, henom7 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, and has gained widespread acceptance today.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

Pronunciation 2

Numeral
Swedish cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : en
    Ordinal : första

en (neuter ett)

  1. one
Coordinate terms
Cardinal numbers from 0 to 99
—0 —1 —2 —3 —4 —5 —6 —7 —8 —9
0— noll en/ett två tre fyra fem sex sju åtta nio
1— tio elva tolv tretton fjorton femton sexton sjutton arton/aderton nitton
2— tjugo tjugoen/-ett tjugotvå tjugotre tjugofyra tjugofem tjugosex tjugosju tjugoåtta tjugonio
3— trettio trettioen/-ett trettiotvå trettiotre trettiofyra trettiofem trettiosex trettiosju trettioåtta trettionio
4— fyrtio fyrtioen/-ett fyrtiotvå fyrtiotre fyrtiofyra fyrtiofem fyrtiosex fyrtiosju fyrtioåtta fyrtionio
5— femtio femtioen/-ett femtiotvå femtiotre femtiofyra femtiofem femtiosex femtiosju femtioåtta femtionio
6— sextio sextioen/-ett sextiotvå sextiotre sextiofyra sextiofem sextiosex sextiosju sextioåtta sextionio
7— sjuttio sjuttioen/-ett sjuttiotvå sjuttiotre sjuttiofyra sjuttiofem sjuttiosex sjuttiosju sjuttioåtta sjuttionio
8— åttio åttioen/-ett åttiotvå åttiotre åttiofyra åttiofem åttiosex åttiosju åttioåtta åttionio
9— nittio nittioen/-ett nittiotvå nittiotre nittiofyra nittiofem nittiosex nittiosju nittioåtta nittionio
Cardinal numbers from 100 onward

…

…

…

Related terms
Article

en c (neuter ett)

  1. the indefinite article: a, an.
Declension
  • en and ett are invariable in the singular, as nominative en konung (a king) and genitive en konungs (a king's).
  • The genitive enes and the dative enom are dated.

Etymology 2

From earlier ene (sometimes also ener), from Old Norse einir.

Pronunciation

Noun

en c

  1. juniper
Declension
Declension of en 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative en enen enar enarna
Genitive ens enens enars enarnas
Related terms
Descendants

References

Anagrams

Tagalog

Etymology

From English en, the English name of the letter N/n.

Pronunciation

Noun

en (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔)

  1. the name of the Latin-script letter N, in the Filipino alphabet.
    Synonyms: (in the Abakada alphabet) na, (in the Abecedario) ene

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

  • “en”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tedim Chin

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔen, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ken (“to see, to know”).

Verb

en

  1. to look

References

  • Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

Turkish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish ان (en), from Proto-Turkic *ēn (“breadth, width”).

Noun

en (definite accusative eni, plural enler)

  1. width
  2. a cachet on an animal or bonded goods
Declension
Inflection
Nominative en
Definite accusative eni
Singular Plural
Nominative en enler
Definite accusative eni enleri
Dative ene enlere
Locative ende enlerde
Ablative enden enlerden
Genitive enin enlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular enim enlerim
2nd singular enin enlerin
3rd singular eni enleri
1st plural enimiz enlerimiz
2nd plural eniniz enleriniz
3rd plural enleri enleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimi enlerimi
2nd singular enini enlerini
3rd singular enini enlerini
1st plural enimizi enlerimizi
2nd plural eninizi enlerinizi
3rd plural enlerini enlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular enime enlerime
2nd singular enine enlerine
3rd singular enine enlerine
1st plural enimize enlerimize
2nd plural eninize enlerinize
3rd plural enlerine enlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimde enlerimde
2nd singular eninde enlerinde
3rd singular eninde enlerinde
1st plural enimizde enlerimizde
2nd plural eninizde enlerinizde
3rd plural enlerinde enlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular enimden enlerimden
2nd singular eninden enlerinden
3rd singular eninden enlerinden
1st plural enimizden enlerimizden
2nd plural eninizden enlerinizden
3rd plural enlerinden enlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular enimin enlerimin
2nd singular eninin enlerinin
3rd singular eninin enlerinin
1st plural enimizin enlerimizin
2nd plural eninizin enlerinizin
3rd plural enlerinin enlerinin

References

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish اڭ (eŋ), from Common Turkic *eŋ. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰭 (ŋ /⁠eŋ⁠/), Azerbaijani ən, Kyrgyz эң (eŋ), Tuvan эң (eñ), Uzbek eng.

Adverb

en

  1. the most ..., the ...-est (marks the superlative degree of any or most adjectives)
    büyük, en büyük
    big, (the) biggest
    en küçük
    the smallest
    en acayip
    the most interesting

Veps

Verb

en

  1. first-person singular present of ei

Welsh

Pronunciation

Noun

en f (plural eniau)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter N.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
en unchanged unchanged hen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian and, ende, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

en

  1. and

Further reading

  • “en”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Zou

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔen, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ken. Cognates include Chinese 見／见 (jiàn) and Tibetan མཁྱེན་པ (mkhyen pa).

Pronunciation

Verb

én

  1. (intransitive) to look

Etymology 2

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔan (“vegetables”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *h(y)an.

Pronunciation

Noun

én

  1. food
  2. meal

References

  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia