From en- + courir, calque of Latin incurrō.
encourir
This verb is conjugated like other regular -ir verbs, except that in the conditional and future tenses an extra 'r' is added to the end of the stem and the past participle ends in -u. All verb ending in -courir are conjugated this way.
infinitive | simple | encourir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | encourant /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | encouru /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | encours /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encours /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encourt /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encourons /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɔ̃/ |
encourez /ɑ̃.ku.ʁe/ |
encourent /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
imperfect | encourais /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɛ/ |
encourais /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɛ/ |
encourait /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɛ/ |
encourions /ɑ̃.ku.ʁjɔ̃/ |
encouriez /ɑ̃.ku.ʁje/ |
encouraient /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɛ/ | |
past historic2 | encourus /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy/ |
encourus /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy/ |
encourut /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy/ |
encourûmes /ɑ̃.ku.ʁym/ |
encourûtes /ɑ̃.ku.ʁyt/ |
encoururent /ɑ̃.ku.ʁyʁ/ | |
future | encourrai /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁe/ |
encourras /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁa/ |
encourra /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁa/ |
encourrons /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɔ̃/ |
encourrez /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁe/ |
encourront /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | encourrais /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɛ/ |
encourrais /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɛ/ |
encourrait /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɛ/ |
encourrions /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
encourriez /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁje/ |
encourraient /ɑ̃.kuʁ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | encoure /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encoures /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encoure /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
encourions /ɑ̃.ku.ʁjɔ̃/ |
encouriez /ɑ̃.ku.ʁje/ |
encourent /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
imperfect2 | encourusse /ɑ̃.ku.ʁys/ |
encourusses /ɑ̃.ku.ʁys/ |
encourût /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy/ |
encourussions /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy.sjɔ̃/ |
encourussiez /ɑ̃.ku.ʁy.sje/ |
encourussent /ɑ̃.ku.ʁys/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | encours /ɑ̃.kuʁ/ |
— | encourons /ɑ̃.ku.ʁɔ̃/ |
encourez /ɑ̃.ku.ʁe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |