enfreindre

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French, Old French enfraindre, from Vulgar Latin *īnfrangere, from Latin īnfringere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃dʁ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio (Canada):(file)

Verb

enfreindre

  1. to infringe

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

Conjugation of enfreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple enfreindre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple enfreignant
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle enfreint
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present enfreins
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃/ 		enfreins
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃/ 		enfreint
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃/ 		enfreignons
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɔ̃/ 		enfreignez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲe/ 		enfreignent
/ɑ̃.fʁɛɲ/
imperfect enfreignais
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɛ/ 		enfreignais
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɛ/ 		enfreignait
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɛ/ 		enfreignions
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ 		enfreigniez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲje/ 		enfreignaient
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɛ/
past historic2 enfreignis
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi/ 		enfreignis
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi/ 		enfreignit
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi/ 		enfreignîmes
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲim/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲim/ 		enfreignîtes
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲit/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲit/ 		enfreignirent
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲiʁ/
future enfreindrai
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁe/ 		enfreindras
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁa/ 		enfreindra
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁa/ 		enfreindrons
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ 		enfreindrez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁe/ 		enfreindront
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
conditional enfreindrais
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		enfreindrais
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		enfreindrait
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		enfreindrions
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ 		enfreindriez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ 		enfreindraient
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present enfreigne
/ɑ̃.fʁɛɲ/ 		enfreignes
/ɑ̃.fʁɛɲ/ 		enfreigne
/ɑ̃.fʁɛɲ/ 		enfreignions
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ 		enfreigniez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲje/ 		enfreignent
/ɑ̃.fʁɛɲ/
imperfect2 enfreignisse
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲis/ 		enfreignisses
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲis/ 		enfreignît
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi/ 		enfreignissions
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ 		enfreignissiez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲi.sje/ 		enfreignissent
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — enfreins
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ̃/ 		— enfreignons
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲɔ̃/ 		enfreignez
/ɑ̃.fʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ɑ̃.fʁe.ɲe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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