enrayer

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French

Etymology

en- +‎ rai (“spoke (of wheel)”) +‎ -er

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Verb

enrayer

  1. to slow down, brake
  2. to curb, check
  3. to jam, to block (a weapon)

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb as far as pronunciation is concerned, but as with other verbs in -ayer (such as payer and essayer), the <y> of its stem may optionally be written as <i> when it precedes a silent <e> (compare verbs in -eyer, which never have this spelling change, and verbs in -oyer and -uyer, which always have it; verbs in -ayer belong to either group, according to the writer's preference).

Conjugation of enrayer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple enrayer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple enrayant
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɑ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle enrayé
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.je/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.je/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present enraye or enraie
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enrayes or enraies
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enraye or enraie
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enrayons
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɔ̃/ 		enrayez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.je/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.je/ 		enrayent or enraient
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/
imperfect enrayais
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɛ/ 		enrayais
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɛ/ 		enrayait
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɛ/ 		enrayions
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.jɔ̃/ 		enrayiez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.je/ 		enrayaient
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɛ/
past historic2 enrayai
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.je/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.je/ 		enrayas
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ja/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ja/ 		enraya
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ja/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ja/ 		enrayâmes
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jam/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jam/ 		enrayâtes
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jat/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jat/ 		enrayèrent
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɛʁ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɛʁ/
future enrayerai or enraierai
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁe/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁe/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁe/ 		enrayeras or enraieras
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁa/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁa/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁa/ 		enrayera or enraiera
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁa/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁa/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁa/ 		enrayerons or enraierons
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɔ̃/ 		enrayerez or enraierez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁe/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁe/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁe/ 		enrayeront or enraieront
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɔ̃/
conditional enrayerais or enraierais
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɛ/ 		enrayerais or enraierais
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɛ/ 		enrayerait or enraierait
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɛ/ 		enrayerions or enraierions
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁjɔ̃/ 		enrayeriez or enraieriez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jə.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jə.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁje/ 		enrayeraient or enraieraient
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present enraye or enraie
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enrayes or enraies
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enraye or enraie
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		enrayions
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.jɔ̃/ 		enrayiez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj.je/ 		enrayent or enraient
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/
imperfect2 enrayasse
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jas/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jas/ 		enrayasses
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jas/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jas/ 		enrayât
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ja/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ja/ 		enrayassions
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ja.sjɔ̃/ 		enrayassiez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.ja.sje/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.ja.sje/ 		enrayassent
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jas/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — enraye or enraie
/ɑ̃.ʁɛj/ or /ɑ̃.ʁɛ/ 		— enrayons
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.jɔ̃/ 		enrayez
/ɑ̃.ʁɛ.je/ or /ɑ̃.ʁe.je/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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