epiphyte

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English

Epiphytes on a tree branch

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἐπιφύτον (epiphúton, one that grows upon another plant), from ἐπί (epí, on top of) + φυτόν (phutón, plant), via epi- (above, over) +‎ -phyte (plant).

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈɛpɪfɑɪt/

Noun

epiphyte (plural epiphytes)

  1. (botany) A plant that grows on another, using it for physical support but obtaining no nutrients from it and neither causing damage nor offering benefit; an air plant.
    • 1848, John Lindley, A notice of some species of Rhododendron inhabiting Borneo: Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society, volume 3, page 88:
      It has been suggested to me that these fine plants will not prove cultivable, because they are epiphytes. [] The probability however is, that they do not require to be treated as epiphytes, and that, like orchids, they will grow better if committed judiciously to the earth.
    • 1893, Natural Science: A Monthly Review of Scientific Progress, volume 3, page 185:
      The nature of the surface of a plant also determines the number and sort of Epiphytes which lodge on it.
  2. (biology) A fungus that grows on a plant but does not feed upon it saprotrophically (an epiphytic fungus). (The science of detecting and studying any such symbiosis as may be involved in this relationship is still developing.)

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