erjed

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Hungarian

Etymology

From erő +‎ -ed (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1] The earlier forms were erjedezik, then erjedzik. According to another source, erjed is a back-formation from erjedzik. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[2]

Pronunciation

Verb

erjed

  1. (intransitive) to ferment (to undergo fermentation)
    Synonym: fermentálódik

Conjugation

conjugation of erjed
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjedek erjedsz erjed erjedünk erjedtek erjednek
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. erjedtem erjedtél erjedt erjedtünk erjedtetek erjedtek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. erjedni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. erjedék erjedél erjede erjedénk erjedétek erjedének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. erjed vala, erjedt vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. erjedendek erjedendesz erjedend erjedendünk erjedendetek erjedendenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjednék erjednél erjedne erjednénk erjednétek erjednének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. erjedt volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjedjek erjedj or
erjedjél 		erjedjen erjedjünk erjedjetek erjedjenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. erjedt légyen
Infinitive erjedni erjednem erjedned erjednie erjednünk erjednetek erjedniük
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
erjedés erjedő erjedt ― erjedve (erjedvén)
potential conjugation of erjed
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjedhetek erjedhetsz erjedhet erjedhetünk erjedhettek erjedhetnek
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. erjedhettem erjedhettél erjedhetett erjedhettünk erjedhettetek erjedhettek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. erjedheték erjedhetél erjedhete erjedheténk erjedhetétek erjedhetének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. erjedhet vala, erjedhetett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. erjedhetendek
or erjedandhatok 		erjedhetendesz
or erjedandhatsz 		erjedhetend
or erjedandhat 		erjedhetendünk
or erjedandhatunk 		erjedhetendetek
or erjedandhattok 		erjedhetendenek
or erjedandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjedhetnék erjedhetnél erjedhetne erjedhetnénk erjedhetnétek erjedhetnének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. erjedhetett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. erjedhessek erjedhess or
erjedhessél 		erjedhessen erjedhessünk erjedhessetek erjedhessenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. erjedhetett légyen
Inf. (erjedhetni) (erjedhetnem) (erjedhetned) (erjedhetnie) (erjedhetnünk) (erjedhetnetek) (erjedhetniük)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (erjedhetve / erjedhetvén)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ erjed in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ erjed in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Further reading

  • erjed in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • erjed in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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