esaul

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English

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Etymology

From Russian есау́л (jesaúl), Ukrainian осаву́л (osavúl). Ultimately from Middle Mongol ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯ (ǰasaɣul).

Noun

esaul (plural esauls)

  1. (now historical) The head of a group or unit of Cossacks.
    • 1833, The Foreign Quarterly Review, volume 11, page 394:
      Some four months after this event, a smart Yesaul, at the head of a party of Kozaks, on the high road to Nishnei Novogorod perceives a poor fellow resting himself upon a bank.
    • 1926, Nicolai Gogol, translated by Constance Garnett, A Terrible Revenge:
      ‘There is no order in the Ukraine: the colonels and the esauls quarrel like dogs: there is no chief over them all.’
    • 2011, Allan Mallinson, On His Majesty's Service, page 122:
      When Hervey had first learned what was the strength of the garrison, he asked the esaul, the Cossacks' captain. why there was only a squadron (sotnia) of them, two hundred lances […].

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