esdekel

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Hungarian

Etymology

Either from the obsolete verb esdek (“to plead”) +‎ -el (frequentative suffix),[1][2] or directly from the source of the latter verb, esik (“to fall”, here: “to entreat”) (obsolete in this sense) +‎ -dekel.[2]

Pronunciation

Verb

esdekel

  1. (intransitive) to beseech, plead, beg

Conjugation

conjugation of esdekel
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekelek esdekelsz esdekel esdekelünk esdekeltek esdekelnek
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. esdekeltem esdekeltél esdekelt esdekeltünk esdekeltetek esdekeltek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. esdekelni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. esdekelék esdekelél esdekele esdekelénk esdekelétek esdekelének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. esdekel vala, esdekelt vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. esdekelendek esdekelendesz esdekelend esdekelendünk esdekelendetek esdekelendenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekelnék esdekelnél esdekelne esdekelnénk esdekelnétek esdekelnének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esdekelt volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekeljek esdekelj or
esdekeljél 		esdekeljen esdekeljünk esdekeljetek esdekeljenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esdekelt légyen
Infinitive esdekelni esdekelnem esdekelned esdekelnie esdekelnünk esdekelnetek esdekelniük
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
esdekelés esdekelő esdekelt ― esdekelve (esdekelvén) esdekeltet
potential conjugation of esdekel
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekelhetek esdekelhetsz esdekelhet esdekelhetünk esdekelhettek esdekelhetnek
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. esdekelhettem esdekelhettél esdekelhetett esdekelhettünk esdekelhettetek esdekelhettek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. esdekelheték esdekelhetél esdekelhete esdekelheténk esdekelhetétek esdekelhetének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. esdekelhet vala, esdekelhetett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. esdekelhetendek
or esdekelandhatok 		esdekelhetendesz
or esdekelandhatsz 		esdekelhetend
or esdekelandhat 		esdekelhetendünk
or esdekelandhatunk 		esdekelhetendetek
or esdekelandhattok 		esdekelhetendenek
or esdekelandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekelhetnék esdekelhetnél esdekelhetne esdekelhetnénk esdekelhetnétek esdekelhetnének
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esdekelhetett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. esdekelhessek esdekelhess or
esdekelhessél 		esdekelhessen esdekelhessünk esdekelhessetek esdekelhessenek
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esdekelhetett légyen
Inf. (esdekelhetni) (esdekelhetnem) (esdekelhetned) (esdekelhetnie) (esdekelhetnünk) (esdekelhetnetek) (esdekelhetniük)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (esdekelhetve / esdekelhetvén)

References

  1. ^ esdekel in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 esdekel in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

  • esdekel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • esdekel in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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