esgyn

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Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh eskyn, from Proto-Brythonic *eskɨnnɨd (whence Cornish ascen), from Latin ascendō.

Pronunciation

Verb

esgyn (first-person singular present esgynnaf)

  1. to ascend
    Antonym: disgyn

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future esgynnaf esgynni esgyn esgynnwn esgynnwch esgynnant esgynnir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		esgynnwn esgynnit esgynnai esgynnem esgynnech esgynnent esgynnid
preterite esgynnais esgynnaist esgynnodd esgynasom esgynasoch esgynasant esgynnwyd
pluperfect esgynaswn esgynasit esgynasai esgynasem esgynasech esgynasent esgynasid, esgynesid
present subjunctive esgynnwyf esgynnych esgynno esgynnom esgynnoch esgynnont esgynner
imperative — esgynna esgynned esgynnwn esgynnwch esgynnent esgynner
verbal noun esgyn
verbal adjectives esgynedig
esgynadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future esgynna i, esgynnaf i esgynni di esgynnith o/e/hi, esgynniff e/hi esgynnwn ni esgynnwch chi esgynnan nhw
conditional esgynnwn i, esgynswn i esgynnet ti, esgynset ti esgynnai fo/fe/hi, esgynsai fo/fe/hi esgynnen ni, esgynsen ni esgynnech chi, esgynsech chi esgynnen nhw, esgynsen nhw
preterite esgynnais i, esgynnes i esgynnaist ti, esgynnest ti esgynnodd o/e/hi esgynnon ni esgynnoch chi esgynnon nhw
imperative — esgynna — — esgynnwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of esgyn
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
esgyn unchanged unchanged hesgyn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “esgyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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