ester

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

ester

Wikipedia

Etymology

From German Ester, perhaps a contraction or abstraction of Essigäther (“ethyl acetate”), from Essig (“vinegar”) (from Latin acetum) and Äther (“ether”). See ether for more.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɛstɚ/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɛstə/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛstə(ɹ)
• Homophone: Esther

Noun

ester (plural esters)

1. (organic chemistry) A compound most often formed by the condensation of an alcohol and an acid, with elimination of water, which contains the functional group carbon-oxygen double bond (i.e., carbonyl) joined via carbon to another oxygen atom.
   • 1991, Malcolm B. Hale et al., “New Products and Markets for Menhaden, Brevoortia spp.”, in Marine Fisheries Review, volume 53, number 4, page 47:

     To produce a test material containing at least 75 percent omega-3 polyunsaturates, the menhaden triglycerides are transesterified to produce fatty acid ethyl esters. The esters are reacted with urea dissolved in hot ethanol and the solution is cooled overnight.

   • 1991, W. F. Kean, C. J. L. Lock, H. E. Howard-Lock, “Chirality in antirheumatic drugs”, in The Lancet, volume 338, →DOI, page 1567:

     The thiol-coenzyme-A ester formed by R-arylpropionic acid can bind to triglyceride to form a “hybrid” triglyceride: such hybrid triglycerides can cause alteration of fatty-acid metabolism and membrane function, and a lipophilic triglyceride–propionic-acid hybrid would be able to cross lipid membranes such as the blood–brain barrier.

   • 1996, Steven Ashley, “Composite car structures pass the crash test”, in Mechanical Engineering‎, volume 118, number 12, page 60:

     The effort’s primary material systems are vinyl esters and polyurethanes, reinforced with inexpensive chopped-glass rovings. Automated glass-fiber preforming processes and high-rate molding procedures are being studied in an effort to reduce cycle times and production costs substantially.

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

• Reset, Steer, Trees, estre, re-est., reest, reset, retes, seter, steer, stere, teers, teres, terse, trees

Cornish

Noun

ester f (singulative estren)

1. oysters

Czech

Noun

ester m inan

1. ester

Declension

Further reading

• ester in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• ester in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology 1

Noun

ester c (singular definite esteren, plural indefinite estere)

1. Estonian

Declension

Synonyms

• estlænder

Etymology 2

From German Ester.

Noun

ester c (singular definite esteren, plural indefinite estere)

1. ester

Declension

Derived terms

• polyester

References

• “ester” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:

Ester

Wikipedia ^nl

Etymology

Borrowed from German Ester.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.tər/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: es‧ter
• Rhymes: -ɛstər

Noun

ester m (plural esters, diminutive estertje n)

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Descendants

• → Indonesian: ester

Estonian

Etymology

German Ester.

Noun

ester (genitive estri, partitive estrit)

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Declension

Further reading

• ester in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French ester (given a spelling-pronunciation), from Classical Latin stāre (cf. the juridical Medieval Latin senses).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛs.te/

Verb

ester

1. (law, rare) to appear
2. (archaic) to be

Conjugation

Only used in the infinitive, present participle estant and past participle esté.

Related terms

• être

Etymology 2

From German Essig-Äther (“acetic acid ethyl ester”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛs.tɛʁ/

Noun

ester m (plural esters)

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Further reading

• “ester”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Anagrams

• estre, êtres, reste, resté, stère, stéré, terse, tersé

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

ester

Wikipedia ^id

Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch ester, from German Ester.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.tər/
• Rhymes: -tər
• Hyphenation: es‧têr

Noun

estêr (plural ester-ester, first-person possessive esterku, second-person possessive estermu, third-person possessive esternya)

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Further reading

• “ester” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Ladin

Etymology 1

From Latin exterus, from exter.

Adjective

ester m (feminine singular estera, masculine plural esters, feminine plural esteres)

1. foreign, overseas

Etymology 2

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

Alternative forms

• esse, esser, vester

Verb

ester

1. to be

Conjugation

• Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Middle English

Alternative forms

• aster, astern, eastran, estern, estre, estren, yestre

Etymology

From Old English ēaster.

Noun

ester (plural esters)

1. Easter (Christian holiday)
   • c. 1280, “Vita sancti Brendani, Abbatis de Hybernia”, in Carl Horstmann, editor, The Early South English Legendary or Lives of Saints‎, London: N. Trübner & Co., published 1887, page 224:

     To a stede ȝe schulle hunne wende : þurf oure louerdes grace, / Þat is foweles parays : a wel ioyful place : / Þer ȝe schulle þis ester beo : & þis wit-sonedai also.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 1300, Robert of Gloucester, edited by William Aldis Wright, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, published 1887, page 556:

     Þre siþe he ber croune aȝer · to midewinter at gloucestre · / To witesonetid at westmunstre · to ester at wincestre ·

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • a. 1402, “De regione lodœœ”, in John Trevisa, transl., edited by Joseph Rawson Lumby, Polychronicon, page 111:

     Mysbyleued men mysdede neuere þat chirche ; and þat is, as me troweþ, for euery ȝere an Ester eue comeþ fire from heuene, and tendeþ and liȝteþ þe lamps þerynne ; but whan þat miracle bygan first, hit is vncertayne and vnknowe.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

References

“ēster(n, n., MED14534.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

ester m (definite singular esteren, indefinite plural estere, definite plural esterne)

1. Estonian

Synonyms

• estlending, estlender

Related terms

• Estland
• estlandsk, estisk

Old French

Etymology

From Late Latin or Vulgar Latin estō, from Latin stō. Forms in -ac- and -ui/-eü-/-i- originates from Vulgar Latin *statiō, *stūtum (perfect *stuī), all are from statum. The indicative present forms bear similarities with endings of the suppletive verb aler and must have contained from vois, the origin of -ois in estois and other forms, however, are unclear (see also Modern French vais).

Compare with estre, whose later merged and resulting some forms reflecting the forms of ester.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (early) /esˈteːɾ/
• IPA^(key): (late) /eˈteɾ/

Verb

ester

1. to be
2. to stay; to remain

Usage notes

According to the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub, "t is not always possible to make a valid distinction between and ester and estre".

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb is highly irregular. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Descendants

(mainly blended into descendants of estre)

• Middle French: ester

References

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

ester

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Borrowed from German Ester.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.tɛr/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛstɛr
• Syllabification: es‧ter

Noun

ester m inan

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Declension

Usually in the plural.

Related terms

Further reading

• ester in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ester in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French ester.

Noun

ester m (plural esteri)

1. ester

Declension

Swedish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Ester.

Noun

ester c

1. (organic chemistry) an ester

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ester

1. indefinite plural of est

Anagrams

• eters, reste, teers, teser

Welsh

Etymology

Internationalism borrowed from English ester.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɛsdɛr/,

Noun

ester m (plural esterau)

1. (organic chemistry) ester

Derived terms

• esteru (“to esterify”)
• esteriad (“esterification”)

Further reading

• Delyth Prys, J.P.M. Jones, Owain Davies, Gruffudd Prys (2006) Y Termiadur: termau wedi'u safoni; standardised terminology‎ (in Welsh), Cardiff: Awdurdod cymwysterau, cwricwlwm ac asesu Cymru (Qualifications curriculum & assessment authority for Wales), →ISBN