estragar

Galician

Alternative forms

• astragar

Etymology

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese estragar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *stragāre, from Latin strāges (“defeat, slaughter”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /estɾaˈɣaɾ/

Verb

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estraguei, past participle estragado)

1. (transitive) to spoil, damage, corrupt, waste

   As chuvias estragaron a colleita. ― The rains ruined the harvest.

   • 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 11:

     ouverõ alj outrosi muy grãdes lides conos mouros, et uençerõnos et astragarõ toda essa terra a ferro et a fogo

     they had there other large battles with the Moors, and they defeated them and wasted all that land with fire and iron

2. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to go bad (of foods and commodities)

   Synonym: gorar

   Esas laranxas estragáronse. ― These oranges have gone bad.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• estrago

References

• “estragar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “strag” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “estragar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “estragar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “estragar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “estragar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• “estragar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese estragar, from Vulgar Latin *strāgāre, from Latin strāgēs (“defeat, slaughter”).

Pronunciation

Verb

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estraguei, past participle estragado)

1. to spoil, to damage, to corrupt, to ruin

   As chuvas estragaram a colheita. ― The rains ruined the harvest.

2. to botch, bungle

   Ele não estraga nada. ― He doesn't screw anything up.

3. to go bad (of foods and commodities)

   Estas laranjas estragaram-se. ― These oranges have gone bad.

Conjugation

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish estragar, from Vulgar Latin *stragāre, from Latin strāges (“defeat, slaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- whence English strew and destroy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /estɾaˈɡaɾ/
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: es‧tra‧gar

Verb

estragar (first-person singular present estrago, first-person singular preterite estragué, past participle estragado)

1. (transitive) to ruin, spoil, ravage, corrupt

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

• “estragar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014