että

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See also: etta, Etta, ettâ, etta-, -etta, and -étta

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *että, from Proto-Uralic *e- (“this”) +‎ -tta (suffix indicating manner). Cognate with Estonian et, Erzya эте (eťe), while the Uralic root is also found in Hungarian ez.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

että (subordinating)

  1. that (conjunction indicating that the subordinate clause is the object of the verb of the main clause)
    Synonym: (referative construct)
    On hauskaa, että tulit. ― It's fun to see that you came here.
    Tiedän, että osaan tehdä sen. ― I know (that) I can do it.
    Hän sanoi, että kaikki kääntyisi vielä parhain päin. ― He said that things would still turn out fine.
  2. that (introducing a subordinate clause expressing a result, consequence or effect)
    juoksi, että ei jalkoja näkynyt ― ran (so fast) that you couldn't see the legs
    Metelöin niin kovaa, että naapuri heräsi. ― I made such a loud racket that the neighbor woke up.
    Tiedän, että hän kärsi masennuksesta, mutta varmastikaan hän ei menisi niin pitkälle, että tappaisi itsensä? ― I know he suffered from depression, but surely he wouldn't go so far as to (that would) kill himself?
  3. that (introducing a subordinate clause expressing a reason or cause)
    Ole onnellinen, että sinulla on katto pään päällä. ― Be glad that you have a roof over your head.
    1. because (when preceded by a particle like siksi; on its own archaic)
      Synonym: koska
      Jouduin maksamaan sakon siksi, että ajoin ylinopeutta. ― I had to pay a fine because I speeded.
  4. in order to, to, so that, that (as a means of achieving the specified end)
    Synonym: jotta
    Vahdi kattilaa, ettei maito kiehu yli. ― Watch the pot so that the milk won't boil over.
  5. that (introducing a subordinate clause modifying an adjective or adverb)
    Ulkona on jo niin kylmä, että tarvitsee talvitakin. ― It's already so cold outside that you need a winter coat.
  6. that (introducing a direct or an indirect quotation)
    • 1994, Martti Turtola, Risto Ryti - elämä isänmaan puolesta, →ISBN:
      Jalanti kirjoitti, että »minusta on hyvin tärkeää, että hän on täällä kaiken varalta».
      Jalanti wrote that "I find it very important that he be here in case he is needed".
  7. (often informal) Used to introduce subordinate interrogative clauses.
    Jäin miettimään, että mitäköhän ihmettä taas oli tapahtunut? ― I was left thinking what on earth had happened again.
    Et voi tosissasi väittää, etteikö hän olisi yrittänyt. ― You can't seriously claim that he didn't try.
  8. (emphatic) Used to introduce a clause, particularly when asking to confirm something someone else said, or when expressing a conclusion one has come to.
    Että täälläkö ei saisi kuvata! ― So (you're saying that) I can't film here!
    Vai että sitä ollaan oltu taas juhlimassa. ― Oh so you have been partying again.
  9. that (introducing an exclamation expressing a strong emotion such as sadness or surprise)
    Voi että osaa ihminen olla itsepäinen! ― Oh how selfish a human can be!
    Että joku voi tehdä sellaista! ― Imagine doing such a thing!

Usage notes

Negative contractions for että
basic form että
negative singular plural
1st person etten ettemme
2nd person ettet ettette
3rd person ettei etteivät

These contractions are used with the indicative forms of the negative verb ei. They are common, but optional.

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Ingrian

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Verb

että

  1. second-person plural present of ei

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Noun

että

  1. partitive singular of esi

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 29
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 24
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