exhaustus

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Ido

Verb

exhaustus

  1. conditional of exhaustar

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of exhauriō (“draw out, take out”).

Pronunciation

Participle

exhaustus (feminine exhausta, neuter exhaustum); first/second-declension participle

  1. (of liquids) drawn out, exhausted, drained off, emptied, depleted, having been exhausted
  2. (of non-liquids) taken out, used up, depleted, pillaged, emptied out, having been used up
  3. (figuratively) taken away, removed, cleared off, having been taken away
  4. (figuratively) carried through, brought to an end, accomplished, fulfilled, exhausted, endured; having been carried…etc.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.13-14:
      “ Heu, quibus ille / iactātus fātīs! Quae bella exhausta canēbat!”
      “Alas! By what destinies that has been assailed! He told of having endured such wars!”
      (Translations vary – Knight, 1956: “horrors of war, endured to the bitterest end”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “what trying wars he lived to tell”; West, 1990: “what a bitter cup of war he has had to drain”; Lombardo, 2005: “the wars he painted, fought to the bitter end”; Fagles, 2006: “what a bitter bowl of war he’s drunk to the dregs”; Ahl, 2007: “what wearying wars”.)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative exhaustus exhausta exhaustum exhaustī exhaustae exhausta
Genitive exhaustī exhaustae exhaustī exhaustōrum exhaustārum exhaustōrum
Dative exhaustō exhaustō exhaustīs
Accusative exhaustum exhaustam exhaustum exhaustōs exhaustās exhausta
Ablative exhaustō exhaustā exhaustō exhaustīs
Vocative exhauste exhausta exhaustum exhaustī exhaustae exhausta

Descendants

  • Italian: esausto
  • Spanish: exhausto

References

  • “exhaustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “exhaustus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • exhaustus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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