ezer

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Basque

Etymology

From Proto-Basque *ezer, composed of *e- (indefinite prefix) +‎ *zer (what).[1]

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)
 
  • IPA(key): (most dialects) /es̻er/
  • IPA(key): (Biscayan) /es̺er/

 

  • Hyphenation: e‧zer

Pronoun

ezer

  1. anything, nothing (in negative contexts)
    Ez dut ezer ikusi.I didn't see anything.
    Ezer nahi baduzu, esan.If you want anything, tell me.
    Ez du ezerk pozten.Nothing makes him happy.

Usage notes

This word is a negative polarity item, occurring in contexts such as negative sentences, questions, and conditional clauses. The only positive statements in which it corresponds to "anything" are mostly conditionals and questions.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ zer” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Further reading

  • ezer”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
  • ezer”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Hungarian

 1000 (szám) on Hungarian Wikipedia
Hungarian numbers (edit)
10,000
 ←  100  ←  500 1,000 1,100  →  2,000  → 
100
    Cardinal: ezer
    Nominal: ezres
    Ordinal: ezredik
    A.o.: ezredszer, ezredjére
    Adverbial: ezerszer
    Multiplier: ezerszeres
    Distributive: ezr(es)ével, ezrenként
    Fractional: ezred
    Number of people: ezren

Etymology

From Iranian, more specifically possibly from Alanic. Compare Ossetian ӕрзӕ́ (ærzǽ), Persian هزار (hezâr). The Iranian word is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saȷ́ʰásram, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslom.[1] The Permic languages have also borrowed this numeral from Indo-Iranian, compare Komi-Zyryan сюрс (śurs) and Udmurt сюрс (śurs).

Pronunciation

Numeral

ezer (plural ezrek)

  1. thousand
    Synonym: egyezer

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative ezer ezrek
accusative ezret ezreket
dative ezernek ezreknek
instrumental ezerrel ezrekkel
causal-final ezerért ezrekért
translative ezerré ezrekké
terminative ezerig ezrekig
essive-formal ezerként ezrekként
essive-modal
inessive ezerben ezrekben
superessive ezren ezreken
adessive ezernél ezreknél
illative ezerbe ezrekbe
sublative ezerre ezrekre
allative ezerhez ezrekhez
elative ezerből ezrekből
delative ezerről ezrekről
ablative ezertől ezrektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
ezeré ezreké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
ezeréi ezrekéi
Possessive forms of ezer
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. ezrem ezreim
2nd person sing. ezred ezreid
3rd person sing. ezre ezrei
1st person plural ezrünk ezreink
2nd person plural ezretek ezreitek
3rd person plural ezrük ezreik

Derived terms

Compound words with numerals
Other compound words

(Non-institutionalized adjectival compounds with single-element numerals ):
ezermilliós, ezermilliárdos, ezerbilliós; ezerméteres, ezerkilós, ezergrammos, ezertonnás, ezerliteres; ezerwattos, ezeramperes; ezernapi, ezernapos, ezerhetes, ezerheti, ezeréves, ezerévi; ezeróránként, ezernaponta, ezernaponként, ezerévente, ezerévenként; ezerfokos, ezerfokú, ezerirányú, ezeroldalas, ezeroldalú, ezerkötetes, ezerdimenziós, ezerszázalékos, ezerkerekű, ezerfős, ezerfőnyi, ezernyelvű, ezertagú, ezerelemű, ezerrészes, ezeremeletes, ezerrétegű, ezerszintes, ezerablakos, ezerajtós, ezerüléses, ezerjegyű, ezerpontos, ezerszavas, ezerbetűs, ezersoros; ezerforintos, ezerdolláros, ezereurós; ezerlábú, ezerágú, ezerfejű, ezerkezű, ezerkarú, ezerszemű, ezerfülű, ezerlevelű.

Descendants

  • Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: jezero (thousand)[2]

References

  1. ^ ezer in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ ezer in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

  • ezer in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • ezer in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).