facio

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See also: Facio, fácio, and facio-

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *fakjō, from earlier *θakjō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁k-y-é-t-i, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (to put; place). Doublet of -ficō.

The passive voice is suppletively provided by the etymologically-unrelated fīō.

Pronunciation

Verb

faciō (present infinitive facere, perfect active fēcī, supine factum); third conjugation iō-variant, irregular passive voice

  1. to do (particularly as a specific instance or occasion of doing)
    Quid fēcī?
    What have I done?
    Latrōcinium modo factum est. (special usage; passive perfect = took place, lit. has been made/is done)
    A robbery just took place.
    Factum est.
    (It) is done.
    • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations:
      Quam diu quisquam erit qui te defendere audeat, vives, et vives ita ut nunc vivis, multis meis et firmis praesidiis obsessus ne commovere te contra rem publicam possis. Multorum te etiam oculi et aures non sentientem, sicut adhuc fecerunt, speculabuntur atque custodient.
      As long as one person exists who can dare to defend you, you shall live; but you shall live as you do now, surrounded by my many and trusty guards, so that you shall not be able to stir one finger against the republic: many eyes and ears shall still observe and watch you, as they have hitherto done, though you shall not perceive them.
  2. to make, construct, fashion, frame, build, erect
  3. to make, produce, compose
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.1.3:
      dīxitque Deus fiat lūx et facta est lūx
      And God said: Let light be made. And light was made.
  4. to appoint

Usage notes

Facere renders a sense of doing or making with respect to a specific instance of so doing or making; for more continuative senses of doing or making, compare ago, agito and gero. In Late and Medieval Latin the verb was used with infinitives to form causative constructions (e.g. cf. fieri facias), which are a calque from (Proto-)Romance considered inappropriate in Classical Latin.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of faciō (third conjugation -variant, irregular and partially suppletive in the passive)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present faciō facis facit facimus facitis faciunt
imperfect faciēbam faciēbās faciēbat faciēbāmus faciēbātis faciēbant
future faciam faciēs faciet faciēmus faciētis facient
perfect fēcī fēcistī fēcit fēcimus fēcistis fēcērunt,
fēcēre
pluperfect fēceram fēcerās fēcerat fēcerāmus fēcerātis fēcerant
future perfect fēcerō fēceris fēcerit fēcerimus fēceritis fēcerint
sigmatic future1 faxō,
faxiō,
facsō,
faxsō
faxis,
facxsis,
facxis,
facsis,
faxsis
faxit,
faxsit
faximus,
faxsimus
faxitis,
faxsitis
faxint,
faxsint
passive present fīō fīs fit fīmus fītis fīunt
imperfect fīēbam fīēbās fīēbat fīēbāmus fīēbātis fīēbant
future fīam fīēs fīet fīēmus fīētis fīent
perfect factus + present active indicative of sum or factum + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect factus + imperfect active indicative of sum or factum + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect factus + future active indicative of sum or factum + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 faxor faxeris faxitur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present faciam faciās faciat faciāmus faciātis faciant
imperfect facerem facerēs faceret facerēmus facerētis facerent
perfect fēcerim fēcerīs fēcerit fēcerīmus fēcerītis fēcerint
pluperfect fēcissem fēcissēs fēcisset fēcissēmus fēcissētis fēcissent
sigmatic aorist1 faxim,
faxēm,
faxsim
faxīs,
faxēs,
faxeis,
faxseis,
faxsīs
faxīt,
faxēt,
faxeit,
faxsīt
faxīmus,
faxeimus,
faxsīmus
faxītis,
faxeitis,
faxsītis
faxint,
faxēnt,
faxsint
passive present fīam fīās fīat fīāmus fīātis fīant
imperfect fierem fierēs fieret fierēmus fierētis fierent
perfect factus + present active subjunctive of sum or factum + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect factus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum or factum + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fac,
face
facite
future facitō facitō facitōte faciuntō
passive present fīte
future fītō fītō fītōte fīuntō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives facere fēcisse factūrum esse fierī factum esse factum īrī
participles faciēns factūrus factus faciendus,
faciundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
faciendī faciendō faciendum faciendō factum factū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Fēced is an early form of fēcit.

Passive
If one were to follow the Proto-Italic verb *fakiō, *fakiesi, the passive would be facior, facī in the present. However, these forms are not attested before or during the Classical period.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

  • facio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • facio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • facio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • facio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to light, make a fire: ignem facere, accendere
    • to cut one's way (through the enemies' ranks): ferro viam facere (per confertos hostes)
    • (1) to take a journey, (2) to make, lay down a road (rare): iter facere
    • to travel together: una iter facere
    • to take a step: gradum facere
    • to put an end to one's life: vitae finem facere
    • to perform the last rites for a person: iusta facere, solvere alicui
    • to carry out the funeral obsequies: funus alicui facere, ducere (Cluent. 9. 28)
    • to commence a thing: initium facere, ducere, sumere (alicuius rei)
    • to finish, complete, fulfil, accomplish a thing: finem facere alicuius rei
    • what am I to do with this fellow: quid huic homini (also hoc homine) faciam?
    • to give a man the opportunity of doing a thing: potestatem, copiam alicui dare, facere with Gen. gerund.
    • to run a risk; to tempt Providence: fortunam periclitari (periculum facere)
    • to make trial of; to risk: periculum facere alicuius rei
    • to try one's strength with the enemy; to try issue of battle: periculum hostis facere
    • to raise a man from poverty to wealth: aliquem ex paupere divitem facere
    • to suffer loss, harm, damage. factum
    • (ambiguous) to be a born orator: natum, factum esse ad dicendum
    • (ambiguous) what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
    • (ambiguous) to have to pay a vow; to obtain one's wish: voti damnari, compotem fieri
    • (ambiguous) what is going on? how are you getting on: quid agitur? quid fit?
    • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut fit, ita ut fit, ut fere fit
    • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
    • (ambiguous) silver plate: argentum (factum) (Verr. 5. 25. 63)
    • (ambiguous) the rate of interest has gone up from 4 per cent to 8 per cent: fenus ex triente Id. Quint. factum erat bessibus (Att. 4. 15. 7)
    • (ambiguous) the price of corn is going down: annona laxatur, levatur, vilior fit
    • (ambiguous) what is your opinion: quid de ea re fieri placet?
    • (ambiguous) a resolution of the senate (not opposed by a tribunicial veto) was made: senatus consultum fit (Att. 2. 24. 3)
    • (ambiguous) some one is accused: aliquis reus fit (Fam. 13. 54)
  • Wheelock's Latin, Wheelock, F.M. (6th ed., 2005). (Cited for abbreviation of singular imperative form; p. 51.) HarperCollins, N.Y.

Polish

Etymology

Clipping of facet + -o.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈfa.t͡ɕɔ/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -at͡ɕɔ
  • Syllabification: fa‧cio

Noun

facio m pers

  1. (colloquial) guy, fellow, chap

Declension

Further reading

  • facio in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • facio in Polish dictionaries at PWN