fal

See also: Fal, FAL, fál, fàl, and fäl

English

Verb

fal

Obsolete spelling of fall
- 1599, W. Kinsayder or Theriomastix [pseudonyms; John Marston], The Scourge of Villanie. , London: I R, →OCLC; republished as G[eorge] B[agshawe] Harrison, editor, The Scourge of Villanie (The Bodley Head Quartos; 13), London: John Lane, The Bodley Head ; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Company, 1925, →OCLC:
  By chaunce, in Livias modest company; / When, after the god-saving ceremony, / For want of talke-stuffe, fals to foinery; / Out goes his rapier, and to Livia / He shewes the ward by puncta reversa

Anagrams

'alf, AFL, ALF, Alf, FLA, Fla, Fla., LFA

Albanian

Etymology

Uncertain. Proposals include:

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European, akin to Ancient Greek σφάλλω (sphállō, “to overthrow”).
Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *xvaliti (“to praise”), compare Macedonian фали (fali), Serbo-Croatian hváliti／хва́лити.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈfal/
Rhymes: -al

Verb

fal (aorist fala, participle falur)

to forgive, pardon
më falni ― sorry (literally, “forgive me”)
1. to remit, grant amnesty
2. to free (a prisoner)
  Synonym: liroj
3. to relieve (from a debt)
  Synonym: liroj
to give (as a present), offer, bestow
Synonym: dhuroj
- 1937, Gjergj Fishta, “XIV — Te ura e rrzhanicës”, in Lahuta e Malcís, lines 153–154:
  Madhi Zot! tý t' kjofsha falë, / Se shum shkjau na paska dalë
  Great God! May I be bestowed to you, how many Slavs come to us!
to lend
Synonym: huaj
to worship (a god); to celebrate (a ceremony, festivity, etc.)
fal bajramin ― to celebrate Eid
to greet, salute
Synonym: përshëndet
to turn off
Synonyms: shuaj, fik

fal dritën ― to turn off the light
to bend over
Synonyms: ul, përkul
(third person) to set (of the sun)
Synonyms: ulet, zbret, perëndon

Derived terms

References

^ Çabej, E. (1986) Studime gjuhësore (in Albanian), volume I, Prishtinë: Rilindja, page 173f.
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “fal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 93
^ Meyer, G. (1891) “faľ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 98
^ Flora, Koleci (2022) “Tradurre il testo e … tradire il contesto”, in Lingue e linguaggi, volume 48, →DOI, page 165

“fal”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980, page 446f.

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَأْل (“good omen”).

Noun

fal (definite accusative falı, plural fallar)

divination, fortune-telling
fala baxmaq ― to tell fortunes
a sample of a fruit, such as melon or watermelon, cut out by the vendor and presented to the potential buyer
a piece (of bread)

Declension

Declension of fal
	singular	plural
nominative	fal	fallar
definite accusative	falı	falları
dative	fala	fallara
locative	falda	fallarda
ablative	faldan	fallardan
definite genitive	falın	falların

Possessive forms of fal
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falım	fallarım
sənin (“your”)	falın	falların
onun (“his/her/its”)	falı	falları
bizim (“our”)	falımız	fallarımız
sizin (“your”)	falınız	fallarınız
onların (“their”)	falı or falları	falları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falımı	fallarımı
sənin (“your”)	falını	fallarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	falını	fallarını
bizim (“our”)	falımızı	fallarımızı
sizin (“your”)	falınızı	fallarınızı
onların (“their”)	falını or fallarını	fallarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falıma	fallarıma
sənin (“your”)	falına	fallarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	falına	fallarına
bizim (“our”)	falımıza	fallarımıza
sizin (“your”)	falınıza	fallarınıza
onların (“their”)	falına or fallarına	fallarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falımda	fallarımda
sənin (“your”)	falında	fallarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	falında	fallarında
bizim (“our”)	falımızda	fallarımızda
sizin (“your”)	falınızda	fallarınızda
onların (“their”)	falında or fallarında	fallarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falımdan	fallarımdan
sənin (“your”)	falından	fallarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	falından	fallarından
bizim (“our”)	falımızdan	fallarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	falınızdan	fallarınızdan
onların (“their”)	falından or fallarından	fallarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	falımın	fallarımın
sənin (“your”)	falının	fallarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	falının	fallarının
bizim (“our”)	falımızın	fallarımızın
sizin (“your”)	falınızın	fallarınızın
onların (“their”)	falının or fallarının	fallarının

Derived terms

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Rhymes: -ɒl

Etymology 1

From Proto-Ugric *påda, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *padɜ. Cognates include Finnish pato (“dam”).

Noun

fal (plural falak)

wall

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	fal	falak
accusative	falat	falakat
dative	falnak	falaknak
instrumental	fallal	falakkal
causal-final	falért	falakért
translative	fallá	falakká
terminative	falig	falakig
essive-formal	falként	falakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	falban	falakban
superessive	falon	falakon
adessive	falnál	falaknál
illative	falba	falakba
sublative	falra	falakra
allative	falhoz	falakhoz
elative	falból	falakból
delative	falról	falakról
ablative	faltól	falaktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	falé	falaké
non-attributive possessive - plural	faléi	falakéi

Possessive forms of fal
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	falam	falaim
2nd person sing.	falad	falaid
3rd person sing.	fala	falai
1st person plural	falunk	falaink
2nd person plural	falatok	falaitok
3rd person plural	faluk	falaik

Derived terms

Compound words with this term at the beginning

Compound words with this term at the end

Expressions

Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *pala- (“to devour”). Cognates include Finnish palaa (“to burn”).

Verb

fal

(transitive, intransitive) to devour, gorge, wolf, scarf (eat greedily, voraciously, or ravenously)
Synonyms: zabál, habzsol, tömi magát

Conjugation

conjugation of fal

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	falok	falsz	fal	falunk	faltok	falnak
		Def.	falom	falod	falja	faljuk	faljátok	falják
		2nd-p. o.	fallak	―
	Past	Indef.	faltam	faltál	falt	faltunk	faltatok	faltak
		Def.	faltam	faltad	falta	faltuk	faltátok	falták
		2nd-p. o.	faltalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. falni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	falék	falál	fala	falánk	falátok	falának
		Def.	falám	falád	falá	falánk	falátok	falák
		2nd-p. o.	falálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fal vala, falt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	falandok	falandasz	faland	falandunk	falandotok	falandanak
		Def.	falandom	falandod	falandja	falandjuk	falandjátok	falandják
		2nd-p. o.	falandalak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	falnék	falnál	falna	falnánk	falnátok	falnának
		Def.	falnám	falnád	falná	falnánk (or falnók)	falnátok	falnák
		2nd-p. o.	falnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. falt volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	faljak	falj or faljál	faljon	faljunk	faljatok	faljanak
		Def.	faljam	fald or faljad	falja	faljuk	faljátok	falják
		2nd-p. o.	faljalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. falt légyen
Infinitive	falni		falnom	falnod	falnia	falnunk	falnotok	falniuk
Other forms	falás		faló	falt	falandó	falva (falván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of fal

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	falhatok	falhatsz	falhat	falhatunk	falhattok	falhatnak
		Def.	falhatom	falhatod	falhatja	falhatjuk	falhatjátok	falhatják
		2nd-p. o.	falhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	falhattam	falhattál	falhatott	falhattunk	falhattatok	falhattak
		Def.	falhattam	falhattad	falhatta	falhattuk	falhattátok	falhatták
		2nd-p. o.	falhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	falhaték	falhatál	falhata	falhatánk	falhatátok	falhatának
		Def.	falhatám	falhatád	falhatá	falhatánk	falhatátok	falhaták
		2nd-p. o.	falhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. falhat vala, falhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	falhatandok or falandhatok	falhatandasz or falandhatsz	falhatand or falandhat	falhatandunk or falandhatunk	falhatandotok or falandhattok	falhatandanak or falandhatnak
		Def.	falhatandom or falandhatom	falhatandod or falandhatod	falhatandja or falandhatja	falhatandjuk or falandhatjuk	falhatandjátok or falandhatjátok	falhatandják or falandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	falhatandalak or falandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	falhatnék	falhatnál	falhatna	falhatnánk	falhatnátok	falhatnának
		Def.	falhatnám	falhatnád	falhatná	falhatnánk (or falhatnók)	falhatnátok	falhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	falhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. falhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	falhassak	falhass or falhassál	falhasson	falhassunk	falhassatok	falhassanak
		Def.	falhassam	falhasd or falhassad	falhassa	falhassuk	falhassátok	falhassák
		2nd-p. o.	falhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. falhatott légyen
Inf.	(falhatni)		(falhatnom)	(falhatnod)	(falhatnia)	(falhatnunk)	(falhatnotok)	(falhatniuk)
Positive adjective			falható	Neg. adj.	falhatatlan	Adv. part.	(falhatva / falhatván)

Derived terms

Compound words

nyal-fal

(With verbal prefixes):

References

^ Entry #687 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ fal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Icelandic

Noun

fal

indefinite accusative singular of falur
indefinite dative singular of falur

Kott

Alternative forms

phal

Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔapV ("hotness, sweat"). Compare Assan palá, pfóltu, paltu ("hot").

Adjective

fal

hot, warm

Related terms

Ladin

Noun

fal m (plural fai)

error

Luxembourgish

Verb

fal

second-person singular imperative of falen

Middle English

Alternative forms

fall, val

Etymology

From Old English feall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fal/

Noun

fal (plural falles)

fall, drop

Descendants

English: fall
Yola: vall

References

“fal, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse falr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fɑːl/

Adjective

fal (neuter falt, definite singular and plural fale, comparative falare, indefinite superlative falast, definite superlative falaste)

(archaic) for sale
(archaic) available

References

“fal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Verb

fal

first/third-person singular past active indicative of fela

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fal/

Noun

fal f

genitive plural of fala

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse falr.

Adjective

fal (not comparable)

(dated) for sale, that can be bought, bribable, corrupt
en fal kvinna
a prostitute

Declension

Inflection of fal
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative²
Common singular	fal	—	—
Neuter singular	falt	—	—
Plural	fala	—	—
Masculine plural³	fale	—	—
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular¹	fale	—	—
All	fala	—	—
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Related terms

References

fal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)
fal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Anagrams

Alf, alf

Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic فَأْل (faʔl).

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Noun

fal (definite accusative falı, plural fallar)

fortune telling, omen

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

fal

Definite accusative

falı

Singular

Plural

Nominative

fal

Definite accusative

Dative

Locative

Ablative

Genitive

Possessive forms
Nominative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falım	fallarım
2nd singular	falın	falların
3rd singular	falı	falları
1st plural	falımız	fallarımız
2nd plural	falınız	fallarınız
3rd plural	falları	falları
Definite accusative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falımı	fallarımı
2nd singular	falını	fallarını
3rd singular	falını	fallarını
1st plural	falımızı	fallarımızı
2nd plural	falınızı	fallarınızı
3rd plural	fallarını	fallarını
Dative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falıma	fallarıma
2nd singular	falına	fallarına
3rd singular	falına	fallarına
1st plural	falımıza	fallarımıza
2nd plural	falınıza	fallarınıza
3rd plural	fallarına	fallarına
Locative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falımda	fallarımda
2nd singular	falında	fallarında
3rd singular	falında	fallarında
1st plural	falımızda	fallarımızda
2nd plural	falınızda	fallarınızda
3rd plural	fallarında	fallarında
Ablative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falımdan	fallarımdan
2nd singular	falından	fallarından
3rd singular	falından	fallarından
1st plural	falımızdan	fallarımızdan
2nd plural	falınızdan	fallarınızdan
3rd plural	fallarından	fallarından
Genitive
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	falımın	fallarımın
2nd singular	falının	fallarının
3rd singular	falının	fallarının
1st plural	falımızın	fallarımızın
2nd plural	falınızın	fallarınızın
3rd plural	fallarının	fallarının

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from English fall and German Fall.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fal/

Noun

fal (nominative plural fals)

the action of falling
(grammar) grammatical case (in classic or original Volapük (Volapük rigik: kimfal (“nominative”), kimafal (“genitive”), borrowed from German Fall (“case”))

Declension

declension of fal

	singular	plural
nominative	fal	fals
genitive	fala	falas
dative	fale	fales
accusative	fali	falis
vocative ¹	o fal!	o fals!
predicative ²	falu	falus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

däfalön (“to fall to pieces”)
falayan (“trapdoor, hatch”)
falön (“to fall”)
fälön (“to make or cause to fall, to fell”)
vatafal (“water fall”)

[1] Çabej, E. (1986) Studime gjuhësore (in Albanian), volume I, Prishtinë: Rilindja, page 173f.

[2] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “fal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 93

[3] Meyer, G. (1891) “faľ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 98

[4] Flora, Koleci (2022) “Tradurre il testo e … tradire il contesto”, in Lingue e linguaggi, volume 48, →DOI, page 165

[5] Entry #687 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

[zaicz-6] fal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

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