festinus

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Ido

Pronunciation

Verb

festinus

  1. conditional of festinar

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fristis (“haste”) +‎ -nus, with *fristis only finding secure cognates in Celtic such as Welsh brys.[1]

Pronunciation

Adjective

festīnus (feminine festīna, neuter festīnum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. swift, quick, rapid, hasty
  2. impatient
  3. early, premature

Usage notes

According to Döderlein, celer and citus mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.

On the other hand, pernīx and vēlōx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)

Thirdly, festīnus and properus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative festīnus festīna festīnum festīnī festīnae festīna
genitive festīnī festīnae festīnī festīnōrum festīnārum festīnōrum
dative festīnō festīnae festīnō festīnīs
accusative festīnum festīnam festīnum festīnōs festīnās festīna
ablative festīnō festīnā festīnō festīnīs
vocative festīne festīna festīnum festīnī festīnae festīna

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “festinō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 216

Further reading

  • “festinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “festinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • festinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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