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ff., but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
ff. in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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English
Etymology
Abbreviation of Latin foliō (“on the (next) page”), ablative of folium (“leaf, page”).
Phrase
ff.
- and the following (pages, paragraphs etc.)
Usage notes
- The abbreviation ff. is used in citation to refer to a section for which no final page number can usefully be given. If there is only a single section following, f. may be used instead.
- More properly, it is still used, as originally, to refer to the next page or pages in a citation. As such, Hornblower 258 f. would refer to pages 258–259, whereas 258 ff. would refer to an undetermined number of pages following page 258.
Synonyms
Translations
and the following
- Catalan: s. (ca) (p. 3 s., p. 3s. - pàgina 3 i següents)
- Danish: ff.
- Finnish: ja seur.
- French: et ss. pl (et suivantes), (p. 3 et ss. - page 3 et suivantes), s. (fr) pl (page x et suivantes)
- German: ff. (de)
- Greek: κ.εξ. (k.ex.)
- Lingala: el. (eso landa)
- Spanish: ss. (p. 3 y ss., p. 3 ss. - página 3 y siguientes), y sigs. f pl
- Swedish: ff. (sv)
- Turkish: vd. (tr) pl
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Danish
Phrase
ff.
- ff. (and the following pages)
German
Etymology
Originally the plural of the abbreviation of New Latin foliō (“on the (next) page”), ablative of folium (“leaf, page”). Later also explained as an abbreviation of folgende.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ff. (indeclinable)
- (of pages) Abbreviation of folgende(n) pl (“following”, “subsequent”); akin to English ff., et seqq.. (The word fortfolgend has been coined as a folk-etymological explanation of this abbreviation and is not commonly encountered in other use than this fanciful explanation, which is in fact a backronym.)
- 1926–8, Leumann–Hofmann–Szantyr, Lateinische Grammatik I: Lateinische Laut- und Formenlehre (2nd ed., 1977), Formenlehre Nomen II.B, § 273:1.d, page 290:
Lit. zu den Gentilicia (aus Patronymika): Schulze, EN 385 f. -eius, 432 ff. -eius (bei etrusk. Namenstämmen älter noch -aeus), 457 f. -eius und -uleius; dazu 284 lēguleius sterteius.- Literature pertaining to nomina gentilicia (from patronyms): Schulze, EN 385 f. -eius, 432 ff. -eius (older still in Etruscan name stems -aeus), 457 f. -eius and -uleius; as in 284 lēguleius sterteius.