fil

Translingual

Symbol

fil

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Filipino.

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

fil

Wikipedia

Etymology 1

Of North Germanic origin, from Swedish fil. Also related to Finnish viili.

Noun

fil (uncountable)

1. A Nordic dairy product, similar to yogurt, but using different bacteria which give a different taste and texture.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

fil (plural fils)

1. (chess) Alternative form of alfil.

Anagrams

• LIF, lif

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfil/
• Rhymes: -il

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فیل (fil).

Noun

fil f (plural fila or (archaic) file)

1. elephant

   Synonym: elefant

2. (chess) bishop

   Synonym: oficer

Related terms

References

• “fil i”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980, page 470a
• Bufli, G., Rocchi, L. (2021) “fil”, in A historical-etymological dictionary of Turkisms in Albanian (1555–1954), Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, page 159
• Mann, S. E. (1948) “fil”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 107a
• Meyer, G. (1891) “fiľ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 104f.
• Jungg, G. (1895) “fil”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 30

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

fil m (plural filë) (nautical)

1. gunwale

References

• “fil i”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980, page 470a

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِيل (fīl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

fil (definite accusative fili, plural fillər)

1. elephant
2. (chess) bishop

Declension

Descendants

• → Georgian: ფილ (pil) — Ingilo

See also

Chess pieces in Azerbaijani · şahmat fiquru (layout · text)
şah	vəzir	top	fil	at	piyada

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin fīlum, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -il

Noun

fil m (plural fils)

1. thread, wire
2. (Internet) discussion thread

   Synonym: tema

Derived terms

Related terms

• filar

Further reading

• “fil” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “fil”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “fil” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “fil” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِيل (fīl).

Noun

fil

1. elephant
2. (chess) bishop

Declension

Derived terms

• fil balası

References

• “fil”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin fīlum.

Noun

fil m

1. thread, yarn, string

Related terms

• filur

Danish

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German vīle, from Old Saxon fila, from Proto-Germanic *finhlō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/,
• Rhymes: -iːl

Noun

fil c (singular definite filen, plural indefinite file)

1. file (tool)

Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English file (“an aggregation of data”) (1962).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/,

Noun

fil c (singular definite filen, plural indefinite filer)

1. file (computer terminology)

Declension

Etymology 3

See file.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/,

Verb

fil

1. imperative of file

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French fil, from Latin fīlum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/

• audio

  (file)

• Homophones: file, filent, files, fils, Phil, -phile
• Rhymes: -il

Noun

fil m (plural fils)

1. yarn, thread, wire

   ne tenir qu’à un fil

   to hang by a thread

2. grain (of wood etc.)
3. edge (of blade, razor etc.)

Derived terms

Descendants

• → English: file (“collection of papers”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “fil”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Italian

Noun

fil m (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of filo

Judeo-Tat

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɪl/

Noun

fil

1. elephant

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic فِيل (fīl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

Noun

fil m (plural fjiel)

1. (archaic) elephant

   Synonym: ljunfant

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

fil

1. Alternative form of fille

Etymology 2

Verb

fil

1. Alternative form of fillen

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/
• Rhymes: -iːl

Noun

fil f or m (definite singular fila or filen, indefinite plural filer, definite plural filene)

1. A file.
2. A hand tool used for removing sharp edges or for cutting, especially through metal.
3. A section of roadway for a single line of vehicles, a lane.

Derived terms

• tekstfil

References

• “fil” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “fil_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “fil_3” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Swedish, from Old French. In the sense of a "computer file" it is borrowed from English file. Both the English and Swedish origins ultimately derive from Latin filum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

Noun

fil f (definite singular fila, indefinite plural filer, definite plural filene)

1. (computing) a file
2. (driving) a lane

Usage notes

Until 1983, this noun was also considered masculine.

Derived terms

• datafil
• køyrefil

Etymology 2

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

verktøyet fil

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

From Middle Low German.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

Noun

fil f (definite singular fila, indefinite plural filer, definite plural filene)

1. a file (a hand tool)

Etymology 3

Possibly shortened from Danish pamfilius. However, it might also be a native clipping of pamfil.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

Noun

fil f (definite singular fila, indefinite plural filer, definite plural filene)

1. (card games) knave (esp. of clubs)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fil

1. imperative of file

References

• “fil” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• fli

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin fīlum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Limousin)
• IPA^(key): (Auvergnat)
• IPA^(key): (Gascon)

• Audio (Gascon)

  (file)

• IPA^(key): (East Languedocien)
• IPA^(key): (West Languedocien)

• Audio (West Languedocien)

  (file)

Noun

fil m (plural fils)

1. thread

References

• Müller, Daniela. 2011. Developments of the lateral in Occitan dialects and their Romance and cross-linguistic context. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Toulouse.

Old French

Etymology 1

From Latin fīlium, accusative singular of fīlius. The nominative form fiz, fils (whence modern French fils), derives from the Latin nominative.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/, /fiʎ/

Noun

fil oblique singular, m (oblique plural fiz or filz, nominative singular fiz or filz, nominative plural fil)

1. son (male child)

Descendants

• Bourguignon: fi
• Walloon: fi

See filz for descendants from the nominative singular inflection.

Etymology 2

From Latin fīlum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/

Noun

fil oblique singular, m (oblique plural fis, nominative singular fis, nominative plural fil)

1. thread (fine strand of material)
   • c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:

     A fil d'or ovree et tissue.

     It was made and woven from fine threads of gold

Descendants

• French: fil

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• fail, feil, fel
• fele, file (relative)

Etymology

Originally ·fil (“you see”) and ·feil (“one sees”). From Proto-Celtic *weleti (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *wél-e-ti (“see”), compare Welsh gweled (“to see”). For the semantic development from "see" to "there is" compare Welsh dyma (“there is”) shortened from Middle Welsh wely di yma? (“do you see?”) or French voici (“here is”) from vois ci (“see here”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

·fil

1. present progressive conjunct of at·tá
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 19^c20

     Má nudub·feil i n‑ellug coirp Críst, adib cland Abrache amal ṡodin, et it sib ata chomarpi Abracham.

     If you pl are in the union of the body of Christ, you are Abraham’s children in that case, and it is you who are Abraham’s heirs.

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26^b7

     De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimdden sin, is de gaibthi “igitur”; quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”

     Of the law then, of those many opinions, it is thereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.

fil

1. third-person singular present progressive relative of at·tá
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 77^a15

     Is dúnn imchumurc fil isin chanóin fris·gair lessóm a n‑imchomarc n-ísiu .i. ne occideris .i. in ⸉n‑í⸊írr-siu .i. non. .i. nís·n‑ulemairbfe ci asid·roilliset.

     It is to the interrogation that is in the canon that this interrogation answers with him, i.e. ne occideris i.e. will you sg slay i.e. non i.e. you will not slay them all although they have deserved it.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 114^b18

     nád fil nech con·gné fris ón acht Día

     that there is no one to help him but God

Usage notes

In the conjunct form, the logical subject appears in the accusative (or as an infixed object pronoun) in the oldest language. Examples:

• cinin·fil (“although we are not”)
• condib·feil (“so that you pl are”)
• má nudub·feil (“if you pl are”)
• nícon·ḟil nach rainn (“there is no part”)
• nín·fil (“we are not”)

Related terms

• do·fil

Descendants

• Irish: bhfuil, níl
• Manx: vel, nel
• Scottish Gaelic: bheil, eil

Mutation

References

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• phil (alternative spelling)

Etymology

Apocopic form of filo or fillo. Perhaps influenced by forms akin to Old Occitan fil.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfil/

Noun

fil m (plural filos or fillos)

1. Apocopic form of filo, son, child
   • c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 14v:

     Entra a pharaon q̃ ẏo engrauiare so coraçõ. de los sieruos del criador. Por poner eſtas mis ſẽnales. ⁊ cuẽtalo delãte tos fiios al fil de tos fijos. Todo lo q̃ fiz en egipto en tus ſẽnales q̃ pus en ellos e ſabredes q̃ ẏo so el ſẽnor.

     “Go to Pharaoh, for I will harden his heart toward the servants of the Creator, that I may perform these My signs. And recount before your children and the child of your children all that I did in Egypt through your signs that I put among them, and you will know that I am the Lord.”

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse fíll, from Arabic فِيل (fīl), from Middle Persian pyl (pīl), Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (pīru).

Noun

fīl m

1. elephant (Elephantidae)

Declension

Romagnol

Etymology

Inherited from Latin fīlum (“thread”).

Pronunciation

• (Central Romagnol): IPA^(key):

Noun

fil m (invariable) (Ravenna, Castel Bolognese)

1. thread

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• fȉlj

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish فیل (fil) (modern Turkish fil), from Arabic فِيل (fīl), from Middle Persian pyl (pīl), from Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (pīru). Akin to fìldiš.

Pronunciation

• (fȉl): IPA^(key): /fîl/
• (fȋl): IPA^(key): /fîːl/

Noun

fȉl m (Cyrillic spelling фи̏л) or fȋl m (Cyrillic spelling фи̑л)

1. (regional) elephant

   Synonym: slȍn

Declension

References

• “fil” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• Škaljić, Abdulah (1966) Turcizmi u srpskohrvatskom jeziku, Sarajevo: Svjetlost, page 283
• “fil”, in Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика (in Serbo-Croatian), Друго фототипско издање edition, volume 6, Нови Сад, Загреб: Матица српска, Матица хрватска, 1967–1976, published 1990, page 668

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

fil

Wikipedia ^sv

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German vīle, from Old Saxon fila, from Proto-West Germanic *fį̄hlu, from Proto-Germanic *finhlō. Cognate with English file and German Feile.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

fil c

1. a file (a tool)

Declension

Related terms

• bågfil
• fila
• filare
• filklove
• filning
• filspån
• järnfil

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “French file?”).

Row and lane (a row of vehicles) is one etymology, but as English file suggests computer file has a different etymology. However, the Swedish computer file is sometimes explained as a row of bytes, in attempt to shoehorn this new English loanword into the etymology of the existing word.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

fil c

1. a row of objects; most commonly used about moving objects
2. a section of roadway for a single line of vehicles, a lane
3. (computing) file

Declension

Related terms

row

• defilera

lane

• filkörning
• filmarkering

computer file

• fildelare
• fildelning
• filformat
• filhanterare
• filkatalog
• filnamn

Etymology 3

Related to Icelandic þél (“fermented milk”), from Old Norse þéttr (“dense, tight”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːl/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

fil c (uncountable)

1. any product from a family of various (deliberately) soured milk products
2. abbreviation for filmjölk; a particular kind of fil as above

Declension

Related terms

• filbunke
• filmjölk
• filpaket
• gräddfil
• långfil
• lättfil

References

• fil in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• fil in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• fil in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• lif

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English field.

Noun

fil

1. sportsfield

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish فیل (fil), from Arabic فِيل (fīl), from Persian پیل (pil) (and from alternate Ottoman Turkish پیل (pil), directly from Persian پیل (pil)), from Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (pīru), related to Egyptian ꜣbw (root of English elephant).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/,

• (file)

Noun

fil (definite accusative fili, plural filler)

1. elephant
2. (chess) bishop

Declension

References

• “fil”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

Uzbek

Etymology

From Arabic فِيل (fīl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fil/

Noun

fil (plural fillar)

1. elephant
2. (chess) bishop

Declension

Volapük

Noun

fil (nominative plural fils)

1. fire

Declension

Derived terms

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /viːl/

Noun

fil

1. soft mutation of mil

Zazaki

Etymology

From Persian فیل (fil).

Noun

fil m

1. elephant

References