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English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old French fil ( “ thread ” ) , from Latin fīlum ( “ thread ” ) . Doublet of filum .
Noun
file (plural files )
A collection of papers collated and archived together.
c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare , “All’s Well, that Ends Well ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio ), London: Isaac Iaggard , and Ed Blount , published 1623 , →OCLC , :It is upon a file with the duke's other letters.
A roll or list .
c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare , “The Tragedie of Macbeth ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio ), London: Isaac Iaggard , and Ed Blount , published 1623 , →OCLC , :a file of all the gentry
Course of thought; thread of narration.
( computing ) An aggregation of data on a storage device , identified by a name .
I'm going to delete these unwanted files to free up some disk space.
( computing ) The primary item on the menu bar, containing commands such as open, save, print, etc.
A row of modular kitchen units and a countertop , consisting of cabinets and appliances below (dishwasher ) and next to (stove /cooker ) a countertop.
Many homes now have double-file kitchens.
( Canada , US ) Clipping of file cabinet .
2010 , Beth Critchley Charlton, Englaging the DisEngaged , page 71 :The Nonfiction Vertical File : [ …] I spent my university years working in the library at the Maritime School of Social Work. One of my responsibilities was to keep the library's vertical file up to date. The vertical file was a cabinet full of current newspaper and magazine clippings on topics of interest to the students and faculty of the school.
Synonyms
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Translations
collection of papers
Afrikaans: lêer (af)
Arabic: مِلَفّ m ( milaff )
Gulf Arabic: ملف m ( malaf )
Hijazi Arabic: دوسيه m ( dōsē ) , ملف m ( malaf )
Armenian: թղթապանակ (hy) ( tʻġtʻapanak )
Belarusian: спра́ва f ( správa ) , па́пка (be) f ( pápka ) , дасье́ n ( dasʹjé )
Bulgarian: па́пка (bg) f ( pápka ) , досие́ (bg) n ( dosié )
Burmese: ဖိုင် (my) ( hpuing )
Catalan: arxiu (ca) m , fitxer (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 檔案 / 档案 (zh) ( dàng'àn )
Czech: pořadač m , archiv (cs) m , složka (cs) f , šanon (cs) m
Danish: arkivalie n
Dutch: dossier (nl) n , ordner (nl) m
Esperanto: dosiero
Estonian: toimik
Finnish: kansio (fi)
French: fichier (fr) m , dossier (fr) m
Georgian: ქლიბი ( klibi )
German: Akte (de) f , Datei (de) f , Hefter (de) m , Ordner (de) m , Kartei (de) f , Dossier (de) n
Greek: αρχείο (el) n ( archeío )
Hungarian: akta (hu)
Ido: dosiero (io) , dokumentaro (io)
Irish: comhad m
Italian: archivio (it) m , cartella (it) f
Japanese: 綴じ込み ( とじこみ, tojikomi ) , ファイル (ja) ( fairu )
Korean: 서류철(書類綴) (ko) ( seoryucheol ) , 파일 (ko) ( pail )
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: dosye (ku)
Lao: ແຟ້ມ ( fǣm )
Latvian: lieta (lv) f
Lithuanian: byla (lt) f
Macedonian: досие́ n ( dosié ) , картоте́ка f ( kartotéka )
Malayalam: പ്രമാണം (ml) ( pramāṇaṁ )
Maltese: arkivju m , fajl m
Manchu: ᡩᠠᠩᠰᡝ ( dangse )
Norwegian:
Bokmål: arkiv (no) n
Nynorsk: arkiv (nn) n
Pashto: دوسيه (ps) f ( dosya )
Persian: پرونده (fa) ( parvande ) , دوسیه (fa) ( dosye )
Polish: kartoteka (pl) f , katalog (pl) m , plik (pl) m
Portuguese: arquivo (pt) m ( Brazil ) , ficheiro (pt) m ( Portugal )
Romanian: fișier (ro) n , dosar (ro) n
Russian: де́ло (ru) n ( délo ) , па́пка (ru) f ( pápka ) , досье́ (ru) n ( dosʹjé )
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: фасцѝкл m , датоте́ка f , досје m
Roman: fascìkl (sh) m , datotéka (sh) f , dosje (sh) m
Slovak: spis m , šanón m , archív m
Slovene: fascikel m , mapa f , dosje m
Sotho: faele (st)
Spanish: archivo (es) m , ficha (es) f
Swedish: arkiv (sv) n
Thai: แฟ้ม (th) ( fɛ́ɛm )
Turkish: dosya (tr)
Ukrainian: спра́ва (uk) f ( správa ) , па́пка f ( pápka ) , досьє́ n ( dosʹjé )
Uyghur: ئارخىپ ( arxip ) , ھۆججەت ( höjjet )
Vietnamese: tập tin (vi)
computing, aggregation of data
Afrikaans: lêer (af)
Albanian: skedë (sq) f
Arabic: مِلَفّ m ( milaff )
Gulf Arabic: مَلَف m ( malaf )
Armenian: նիշք ( niškʻ ) , ֆայլ (hy) ( fayl )
Azerbaijani: fayl
Belarusian: файл m ( fajl )
Bengali: ফাইল ( phail )
Bulgarian: файл m ( fajl )
Burmese: ဖိုင် (my) ( hpuing )
Catalan: arxiu (ca) m , fitxer (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 文件 (zh) ( wénjiàn ) , 檔案 / 档案 (zh) ( dǎng'àn )
Czech: soubor (cs) m
Danish: fil (da) c
Dutch: bestand (nl) n , file (nl)
Esperanto: dosiero
Estonian: fail (et) , säilik
Finnish: tiedosto (fi)
French: fichier (fr) m
Gagauz: fayl
Georgian: ფაილი ( paili )
German: Datei (de) f , File n
Greek: αρχείο (el) n ( archeío )
Hebrew: קוֹבֶץ (he) m ( kovéts )
Hindi: फ़ाइल f ( fāil )
Hungarian: fájl (hu) , adatállomány (hu)
Icelandic: skrá (is) f , tölvuskrá f
Ido: failo (io) , savaro (io)
Indonesian: berkas (id) , fail (id)
Irish: comhad m
Italian: file (it) m
Japanese: ファイル (ja) ( fairu )
Kapampangan: simpan
Kazakh: файл ( fail )
Khmer: ឯកសារ (km) ( ʼaekaʼsaa )
Korean: 파일 (ko) ( pail )
Kyrgyz: файл (ky) ( fayl )
Ladino: dosya
Lao: ໄຟລ໌ ( fain ) , ແຟ້ມ ( fǣm )
Latvian: fails m , datne f
Lithuanian: failas (lt) m
Luxembourgish: Fichier (lb) m
Macedonian: податоте́ка f ( podatotéka ) , датоте́ка f ( datotéka ) , фајл m ( fajl )
Malay: fail (ms)
Maltese: fajl m
Maori: kōnae
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: файл (mn) ( fajl )
Norwegian:
Bokmål: fil (no) m or f
Nynorsk: fil f
Occitan: fichièr (oc)
Persian: پرونده (fa) ( parvande ) , فایل (fa) ( fâyl )
Polish: plik (pl) m
Portuguese: arquivo (pt) m ( Brazil ) , ficheiro (pt) m ( Portugal )
Romanian: fișier (ro) n
Russian: файл (ru) m ( fajl )
Scots: fyle
Scottish Gaelic: faidhle m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: датоте́ка f , фа̑јл m
Roman: datotéka (sh) f , fȃjl (sh) m
Slovak: súbor m
Slovene: datoteka f , fajl m
Sotho: faele (st)
Spanish: archivo (es) m , fichero m
Swedish: fil (sv) c
Tagalog: talaksan
Tajik: файл (tg) ( fayl ) , парванда ( parvanda )
Tatar: файл ( fayl )
Thai: ไฟล์ (th) ( faai )
Tigrinya: ፋይል ( fayl )
Turkish: dosya (tr)
Turkmen: faýl
Ukrainian: файл (uk) m ( fajl )
Urdu: فائل f ( fāil )
Uyghur: ھۆججەت ( höjjet )
Uzbek: fayl (uz)
Vietnamese: tệp , tập tin (vi) , tệp tin
Welsh: ffeil (cy) f
West Frisian: bestân (fy) n , triem (fy) c ( neologism )
Yiddish: טעקע f ( teke )
kitchen units and countertop
Verb
file (third-person singular simple present files , present participle filing , simple past and past participle filed )
( transitive ) To commit (official papers ) to some office.
2012 May 27, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “New Kid On The Block” (season 4, episode 8; originally aired 11/12/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club :The episode’s unwillingness to fully commit to the pathos of the Bart-and-Laura subplot is all the more frustrating considering its laugh quota is more than filled by a rollicking B-story that finds Homer, he of the iron stomach and insatiable appetite, filing a lawsuit against The Frying Dutchman when he’s hauled out of the eatery against his will after consuming all of the restaurant’s shrimp (plus two plastic lobsters).
( transitive ) To submit (a story ) to a newspaper or similar publication.
( transitive ) To place in an archive in a logical place and order.
( transitive ) To store a file ( aggregation of data ) on a storage medium such as a disc or another computer.
( intransitive , with for , chiefly law ) To submit a formal request to some office.
She filed for divorce the next day.
The company filed for bankruptcy when the office opened on Monday.
They filed for a refund under their warranty.
( transitive , obsolete ) To set in order; to arrange, or lay away.
1606 , Francis Beaumont , John Fletcher , “The Woman-Hater ”, in Comedies and Tragedies , London: Humphrey Robinson , , and for Humphrey Moseley , published 1679 , →OCLC , Act I, scene ii:I would have my several courses and my dishes well filed .
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 2
From French file , from filer ( “ to spin out, arrange one behind another ” ) , from Latin fīlāre , from filum ( “ thread ” ) .
Noun
file (plural files )
A column of people one behind another, whether "single file " or in a grid pattern.
Antonym: rank
The troops marched in Indian file .
( military ) A small detachment of soldiers.
( chess ) one of the eight vertical lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a letter).
Antonym: rank
Derived terms
Translations
column of people
Bulgarian: колона (bg) f ( kolona )
Chinese:
Mandarin: 列 (zh) ( liè )
Czech: zástup (cs) m
Danish: kø c
Dutch: rij (nl) , kolonne , file (nl) ( of cars )
Esperanto: vico (eo)
Estonian: kolonn
Finnish: jono (fi)
French: file (fr) f
German: Reihe (de) f
Greek: σειρά (el) ( seirá ) , συστοιχία (el) f ( systoichía )
Ancient: στοῖχος m ( stoîkhos )
Italian: fila (it) f
Japanese: 列 (ja) ( retsu )
Korean: 줄 (ko) ( jul ) , 열 (ko) ( yeol )
Latvian: ierinda f , rinda f
Macedonian: низа f ( niza ) , строј m ( stroj ) , коло́на f ( kolóna )
Maltese: ringiela f
Maori: kaha (mi)
Portuguese: fila (pt) f
Russian: коло́нна (ru) f ( kolónna ) , верени́ца (ru) f ( vereníca ) , шере́нга (ru) f ( šerénga ) , строй (ru) m ( stroj )
Slovene: kolona f
Spanish: fila (es) f
Swedish: fil (sv) c , kö (sv) c
Thai: แถว (th) ( tɛ̌o )
small detachment of soldiers
chess: vertical line of squares
Verb
file (third-person singular simple present files , present participle filing , simple past and past participle filed )
( intransitive ) To move in a file.
The applicants kept filing into the room until it was full.
Derived terms
Translations
move in a file or in a line
Etymology 3
From Middle English file , fyle , from Old English fēl , fēol ( “ file ” ) , from earlier fīil , from Proto-Germanic *finhlō , *finhilō ( “ file, rasp ” ) , from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- ( “ to adorn, form ” ) . Cognate with West Frisian file ( “ file ” ) , Dutch vijl ( “ file ” ) , German Feile ( “ file ” ) .
Noun
A file (tool).
file (plural files )
A hand tool consisting of a handle to which a block of coarse metal is attached, and used for removing sharp edges or for cutting, especially through metal.
( slang , archaic ) A cunning or resourceful person.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
file (third-person singular simple present files , present participle filing , simple past and past participle filed )
( transitive ) To smooth , grind , or cut with a file.
I'd better file the bottoms of the table legs. Otherwise they will scratch the flooring.
1879 , R[ichard] J[efferies ], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher , London: Smith, Elder, & Co. , , →OCLC :Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 4
From Middle English filen ( “ to defile ” ) , from Old English fȳlan ( “ to defile, make foul ” ) , from Proto-West Germanic *fūlijan ( “ to make foul ” ) . More at defile .
Verb
file (third-person singular simple present files , present participle filing , simple past and past participle filed )
( archaic ) To defile .
c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare , “The Tragedie of Macbeth ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio ), London: Isaac Iaggard , and Ed Blount , published 1623 , →OCLC , :for Banquo's issue have I fil'd my mind
To corrupt .
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology 1
From French file ( “ line, row ” ) , from Late Latin filare , from Latin filum ( “ thread ” ) . Related to fileren ( “ to fillet ” ) and file ( “ computer file ” ) .
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /ˈfilə/
Hyphenation: fi‧le
Noun
file f (plural files , diminutive filetje n )
traffic jam
queue
Synonyms
Etymology 2
From English file ( “ computer file ” ) , from Old French fil ( “ thread ” ) , from Latin filum ( “ thread ” ) . Related to fileren ( “ to fillet ” ) and file ( “ queue, traffic jam ” ) .
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /fɑi̯l/ , /fɛi̯l/
Hyphenation: file
Noun
file m (plural files , diminutive filetje n )
( computing ) file (an aggregation of data on a storage device identified by a name)
Anagrams
Esperanto
Etymology
fil - + -e
Adverb
file
filially (in a filial manner or way)
Finnish
Pronunciation
Noun
file
Alternative form of filee .
Declension
Derived terms
Further reading
French
Etymology
From fil or the verb filer .
Pronunciation
Noun
file f (plural files )
a line of objects placed one after the other
( Belgium ) traffic jam
Synonyms: bouchon , embouteillage
Derived terms
Descendants
→ Dutch: file ( “ queue, traffic jam ” )
→ English: file ( “ column of people ” )
→ Spanish: fila
Verb
file
inflection of filer :
first / third-person singular present indicative / subjunctive
second-person singular imperative
Further reading
Anagrams
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish fili , from Primitive Irish ᚃᚓᚂᚔᚈᚐᚄ ( velitas ) , from Proto-Celtic *welīts .
Pronunciation
Noun
file m (genitive singular file , nominative plural filí )
poet
Declension
Archaic declension:
Derived terms
Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical
Lenition
Eclipsis
file
fhile
bhfile
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
References
^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019 ), “fili ”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Finck, F. N. (1899 ) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 111
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906 ) A Dialect of Donegal , Cambridge University Press, page 39
Further reading
Italian
Etymology 1
Unadapted borrowing from English file .
Pronunciation
Noun
file m (invariable )
( computing ) file
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /ˈfi.le/
Rhymes: -ile
Hyphenation: fì‧le
Noun
file f
plural of fila
References
Anagrams
Northern Kurdish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Arabic فَلَّاح ( fallāḥ ) , from Classical Syriac ܦܠܚܐ ( pallāḥā ) . Sedentary Armenians called so after their way of life by nomadic Kurds.
Noun
Central Kurdish
فەلە ( fele )
file m or f
Armenian
Christian
peasant , farmer
Derived terms
References
^ Chyet, Michael L. (2003 ) “file ”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary , with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 195a
^ Cabolov, R. L. (2010 ) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language ] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 354
Further reading
Jaba, Auguste , Justi, Ferdinand (1879 ) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary ], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 294b
Kurdojev, K. K. (1960 ) “file ”, in Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary ], Moscow: Gosudarstvennoje izdatelʹstvo inostrannyx i nacionalʹnyx slovarej, page 263a
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
From fil f ( “ a file ” ) .
Alternative forms
Verb
file (present tense filar /filer , past tense fila /filte , past participle fila /filt , passive infinitive filast , present participle filande , imperative file /fil )
( transitive ) To use a file to file .
( transitive ) To rub (making a sound ).
( transitive , figurative ) To polish , refine .
Etymology 2
Probably related to Swedish fil .
Noun
file m (definite singular filen , indefinite plural filar , definite plural filane )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
References
“file” in The Nynorsk Dictionary .
Old Irish
Verb
file
Alternative form of fil
Picard
Etymology
From Latin filia .
Noun
file f (plural files )
girl
daughter
Related terms
Portuguese
Verb
file
inflection of filar :
first / third-person singular present subjunctive
third-person singular imperative
Slovene
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /filéː/
Hyphenation: fi‧lé
Noun
filẹ̑ m inan
fillet
Inflection
Spanish
Verb
file
inflection of filar :
first / third-person singular present subjunctive
third-person singular imperative
Swahili
Verb
-file (infinitive kufile )
( Sheng ) to file ( to make a formal request )
Turkish
A shopping file . (2)
Etymology
From French filée .
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /ˈfi.le/ , /fiˈle/
Hyphenation: fi‧le
Noun
file (definite accusative fileyi , plural fileler )
A net made of wool , cotton etc.; mesh .
A meshwork bag used for shopping.
A hairnet .
( sports ) A net inside the goal in games like association football , handball etc.
( sports ) A net that divides the court in games like tennis , volleyball , badminton etc.
Declension
Derived terms
See also
References
Further reading