flagellum

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English

Schematic drawing of a protozoan beating a single flagellum

Etymology

From Latin flagellum (“whip”), diminutive of flagrum, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlag- (“to strike”).

Pronunciation

Noun

flagellum (plural flagella or flagellums or (proscribed) flagellae)

  1. (biology) In protists, a long, whiplike membrane-enclosed organelle used for locomotion or feeding.
  2. (biology) In bacteria, a long, whiplike proteinaceous appendage, used for locomotion.
  3. A whip

Synonyms

Translations

whip — see whip

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin flagellum.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /flaːˈɣɛ.lʏm/
  • Hyphenation: fla‧gel‧lum

Noun

flagellum m (plural flagella)

  1. flagellum
    Synonyms: flagel, zweepdraad, zweephaar, zweepstaart

French

Noun

flagellum m (plural flagellums)

  1. flagellum (whip)

Latin

Etymology

From flagrum (“scourge, whip”) +‎ -lum.

Pronunciation

Noun

flagellum n (genitive flagellī); second declension

  1. whip, lash, scourge
    • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 25.9–13:
      nē lāneum latusculum manūsque mollicellās
      inusta turpiter tibī flagella cōnscribillent
      so that your soft side and your tender hands
      burning lashes may not shamefully scribble on
  2. whip for driving animals (riding horses, cattle etc.)
  3. tentacle
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.361–372:
      utque sub aequoribus dēprēnsum pōlypus hostem
      continet ex omnī dīmissīs parte flagellīs.
      and how under the seas the polyp holds fast the captured enemy
      with tentacles dispatched from every side.
  4. young branch, shoot
    • c. 4th century, Tiberianus, Pervigilium Veneris 5–6:
      Crās amōrum cōpulātrīx inter umbrās arborum
      implicat casās virentēs dē flagellō myrteō.
      Tomorrow the binder of loves amongst the shades of trees
      weaves green cottages from myrtle branches.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative flagellum flagella
Genitive flagellī flagellōrum
Dative flagellō flagellīs
Accusative flagellum flagella
Ablative flagellō flagellīs
Vocative flagellum flagella

Synonyms

Related terms

Descendants

Borrowings

References

  • “flagellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “flagellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • flagellum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • flagellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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