folyik

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Hungarian

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Ugric *pᴕlɜ- (to stream bubbling) + -ik.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: fo‧lyik
  • Rhymes: -ojik

Verb

folyik

  1. (intransitive) to flow
    Active-voice counterpart: folyat
  2. (intransitive) to go on (to continue in extent)
    Synonym: zajlik
    Active-voice counterpart: folytat

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

Conjugation of folyik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. folyok folysz folyik folyunk folytok folynak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. folytam folytál folyt folytunk folytatok folytak
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. folyni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. folyék or
folyám
folyál folya or
folyék
folyánk folyátok folyának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. folyik vala, folyt vala/volt.
archaic future indef. folyandok
(or folyandom)
folyandasz
(or folyandol)
folyand
(or folyandik*)
folyandunk folyandotok folyandanak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. folynék
(or folynám)
folynál folyna
(or folynék*)
folynánk folynátok folynának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. folyt volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. folyjak folyj or
folyjál
folyjon or
folyjék
folyjunk folyjatok folyjanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. folyt légyen
infinitive folyni folynom folynod folynia folynunk folynotok folyniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
folyás folyó folyt folyva (folyván)
Potential conjugation of folyik
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. folyhatok folyhatsz
(or folyhatol)
folyhat
(or folyhatik)
folyhatunk folyhattok folyhatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. folyhattam folyhattál folyhatott folyhattunk folyhattatok folyhattak
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. folyhaték or
folyhatám
folyhatál folyhata or
folyhaték
folyhatánk folyhatátok folyhatának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. folyhat vala, folyhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. folyhatandok
or folyandhatok
(or folyhatandom
or folyandhatom)
folyhatandasz
or folyandhatsz
(or folyhatandol
or folyandhatol)
folyhatand
or folyandhat
(or folyhatandik
or folyandhatik*)
folyhatandunk
or folyandhatunk
folyhatandotok
or folyandhattok
folyhatandanak
or folyandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. folyhatnék
(or folyhatnám)
folyhatnál folyhatna
(or folyhatnék*)
folyhatnánk folyhatnátok folyhatnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. folyhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. folyhassak or
folyhassam
folyhass or
folyhassál
folyhasson or
folyhassék
folyhassunk folyhassatok folyhassanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. folyhatott légyen
infinitive (folyhatni) (folyhatnom) (folyhatnod) (folyhatnia) (folyhatnunk) (folyhatnotok) (folyhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(folyhatva / folyhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

See also

References

  1. ^ Entry #1832 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ folyik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • folyik in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.