ful
Translingual
Symbol
ful
Catalan
Etymology
Adjective
ful (invariable)
- (relational) of Fula
Noun
ful m (uncountable)
Related terms
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, cognate with Swedish ful, English foul, German faul, Dutch vuil.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ful (neuter fult, plural and definite singular attributive fule)
Maltese
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
ful m (collective, singulative fula, paucal fuliet)
See also
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English full, from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.
Alternative forms
Adverb
ful
- very; much; to a great extent
- 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
- And I seide, "Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. […]
- And I said, "Sir, in his time master John Wycliffe was held by very many men the greatest clerk that they knew living upon earth. And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living.
- full
- ca. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
- and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, and ful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
- and failing he was dead in a good old , and of great age, and full of days, and he was gathered to his people.
- and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, and ful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
- ca. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “ful, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
Noun
ful
- Alternative form of fulle
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ful (masculine and feminine ful, neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulere, indefinite superlative fulest, definite superlative fuleste)
References
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.
Adjective
ful (neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulare, indefinite superlative fulast, definite superlative fulaste)
References
- “ful” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *full.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ful
- Alternative form of full
Declension
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *fūl.
Pronunciation
Adjective
fūl
- foul (dirty, stinking, vile, corrupt)
Declension
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | fūl | fūl | fūl |
| Accusative | fūlne | fūle | fūl |
| Genitive | fūles | fūlre | fūles |
| Dative | fūlum | fūlre | fūlum |
| Instrumental | fūle | fūlre | fūle |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | fūle | fūla, fūle | fūl |
| Accusative | fūle | fūla, fūle | fūl |
| Genitive | fūlra | fūlra | fūlra |
| Dative | fūlum | fūlum | fūlum |
| Instrumental | fūlum | fūlum | fūlum |
Derived terms
Descendants
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *full.
Adjective
ful
Descendants
Old Irish
Pronunciation
Verb
·ful
Derived terms
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ·ful | ·ḟul | ·ful pronounced with /-v(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old Saxon
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.
Adjective
ful
Declension
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
| case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| nominative | ful | fulle | ful | fullu | ful | fulle |
| accusative | fullana | fulle | ful | fullu | fulla | fulle |
| genitive | fulles | fullarō | fulles | fullarō | fullaro | fullarō |
| dative | fullumu | fullum | fullumu | fullum | fullaro | fullum |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
| case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| nominative | fullo | fullu | fulla | fullu | fulla | fullu |
| accusative | fullun | fullun | fulla | fullun | fullun | fullun |
| genitive | fullun | fullonō | fullun | fullonō | fullun | fullonō |
| dative | fullun | fullum | fullun | fullum | fullun | fullum |
Related terms
Descendants
- Low German: vull
Plautdietsch
Adjective
ful
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
Adjective
ful (not comparable, no derived adverb)
Noun
ful m inan
- (poker) full house
- (colloquial) stout, porter (beer with mid-high hop and alcohol levels)
- (colloquial) full house (situation in which a place is filled with people to its maximum capacity)
- Synonym: komplet
Declension
Numeral
ful
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Arabic فُول (fūl).
Noun
ful m inan
- type of heavily spiced Egyptian fava bean paste (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
Declension
Further reading
- ful in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ful in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
Noun
ful n (plural fuluri)
Declension
Saterland Frisian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Frisian full, from Proto-West Germanic *full. Cognates include West Frisian fol and German voll.
Adjective
ful (masculine fullen, feminine, plural or definite fulle, comparative fuller, superlative fulst)
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “full”): loos
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronoun
ful
- Unstressed form of fúul
References
- Marron C. Fort (2015) “ful”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
- Marron C. Fort (2015) “fúul”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
Spanish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Adjective
ful (invariable)
Further reading
- “ful”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz. Compare English foul, Dutch vuil, German faul.
Pronunciation
Adjective
ful (comparative fulare, superlative fulast)
- ugly; of displeasing appearance
- Det var den fulaste unge jag någonsin sett.
- That's the ugliest kid I've ever seen.
- dirty, bad; something contradictory to norms and rules
- Larsson gjorde en riktigt ful tackling.
- Larsson pulled off a really dirty tackle.
- prefix indicating a state of low or poor quality: an ironic opposite of fin (“fine, elegant”).
- 2000, Mikael Niemi, Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson: Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
- Hukande tassade han fram till predikstolen, en skygg liten gosse med fulsnaggat hår.
- Shoulders hunched, he tip-toed toward the pulpit, a bashful little boy with an awful haircut.
- 2000, Mikael Niemi, Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson: Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
Declension
| Inflection of ful | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
| Common singular | ful | fulare | fulast |
| Neuter singular | fult | fulare | fulast |
| Plural | fula | fulare | fulast |
| Masculine plural3 | fule | fulare | fulast |
| Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
| Masculine singular1 | fule | fulare | fulaste |
| All | fula | fulare | fulaste |
| 1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic | |||
Derived terms
Further reading
- ful in Svensk ordbok.
Anagrams
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
ful
Volapük
Noun
ful (nominative plural fuls)