ga

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ga"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of Irish Gaeilge

Symbol

ga

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Irish.

Aeka

Noun

ga

  1. rain

Further reading

  • transnewguinea.org, citing both Wilson (1969) and McElhanon and Voorhoeve (1970)
  • James Farr, Robert Larson, A Selective Word List in Ten Different Binandere Languages
  • Papers in New Guinea Linguistics (1971), issues 8-9, pages 80-81, using a wordlist furnished by Capell

Anguthimri

Noun

ga

  1. (Mpakwithi) mouth

Verb

ga

  1. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to poke
  2. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to peel

References

  • Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 185

Bisu

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ga (Thai spelling กงา)

  1. I.

Djambarrpuyngu

Conjunction

ga

  1. and

References

Drung

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ga.

Noun

ga

  1. saddle

References

  • Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎, Santa Barbara: University of California

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -aː
  • IPA(key): /ɣaː/

Verb

ga

  1. inflection of gaan:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive
    3. imperative
    ga! ― go!

Ewe

Noun

ga

  1. metal
  2. money

Fijian

Pronunciation

Adverb

ga

  1. only

Conjunction

ga

  1. but

Synonyms

Noun

ga

  1. duck

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French gare.

Pronunciation

Noun

ga

  1. station, terminal

Hiw

Etymology

From Proto-Torres-Banks *ɣaya, an irregular reflex of Proto-Oceanic *kawaʀ, metathesis of *wakaʀ (“root”). Cognate with Mwotlap ga and Lo-Toga gi, and also with Proto-Polynesian *kawa (whence Tongan kava).

Pronunciation

Noun

ga

  1. kava plant, Piper methysticum
  2. kava, an intoxicating beverage made from the kava plant.

References

Indonesian

Adverb

ga

  1. Alternative form of (eng)gak

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Apparently a conflation of Old Irish gath, goth (“spear”) with the synonymous gae (“spear”), from Proto-Celtic *gaisos (“spear”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰays- (“spear”). Cognate with Welsh gwayw and Latin gaesum (a Gaulish loanword) as well as Old English gār.

Pronunciation

Noun

ga m (genitive singular ga or gaoi, nominative plural gathanna or gaoi or gaoithe)

  1. spear (long stick with a sharp tip), dart
  2. dart, sting
    Chuir an cat a gha ann. ― The cat clawed him.
  3. ray (beam of light or radiation)
  4. (geometry) radius (line segment between any point on the circumference of a circle and its center; length of this segment)
  5. (medicine) suppository
  6. (fishing) gaff

Declension

Declension of ga

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ga gathanna
Vocative a gha a ghathanna
Genitive ga gathanna
Dative ga gathanna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ga na gathanna
Genitive an gha na ngathanna
Dative leis an nga

don gha

leis na gathanna
  • Alternative genitive singular: gaoi
  • Alternative plural forms: gaoi, gaoithe

Derived terms

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ga gha nga
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 8

Further reading

Japanese

Romanization

ga

  1. Rōmaji transcription of が
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ガ

Kaingang

Pronunciation

Noun

ga

  1. earth; land

Lombard

Adverb

ga

  1. (Eastern Lombard) there (in the expression of "there be")

Synonyms

Pronoun

ga m or f

  1. (Eastern Lombard) him; her/it (dative case)
  2. (Eastern Lombard) them (dative case)

Synonyms

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Adverb

ga

  1. when

Synonyms

Further reading

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “ga”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “ga”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Mandarin

Romanization

ga (ga5／ga0, Zhuyin ˙ㄍㄚ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 價／价

ga

  1. Nonstandard spelling of gā.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of gá.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of gǎ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of gà.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manx

Conjunction

ga

  1. though, although
  2. albeit

Middle Dutch

Verb

gâ

  1. inflection of gâen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. first/third-person singular present subjunctive

Middle English

Verb

ga

  1. (Early Middle English, Northern) Alternative form of gon (“to go”)

Mwotlap

Etymology

From Proto-Torres-Banks *ɣaya, an irregular reflex of Proto-Oceanic *kawaʀ, metathesis of *wakaʀ (“root”). Cognate with Hiw ga and Lo-Toga gi, and also with Proto-Polynesian *kawa (whence Tongan kava).

Pronunciation

Noun

ga (determinate naga)

  1. kava plant, Piper methysticum
  2. kava, an intoxicating beverage made from the kava plant.

References

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Related to Persian گاو (gâv).

Pronunciation

Noun

ga ?

  1. ox
  2. bull

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Verb

ga

  1. simple past of gi

Phalura

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit किम् (kim, “what? why? (interrogative particle)”).

Pronunciation

Determiner

ga (indefinite, Perso-Arabic spelling گہ)

  1. any
  2. what (kind), which

References

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ga”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ga (indefinite, Perso-Arabic spelling گہ)

  1. what
  2. that

References

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Conjunction

ga (conjunction, Perso-Arabic spelling گہ)

  1. Complementizer/relativizer
  2. that
  3. which
  4. who
  5. where

References

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Particle

ga (modal, Perso-Arabic spelling گہ)

  1. Marker of inferred, assumed or presumed knowledge

References

  • Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Romanian

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

ga

  1. sound made by geese

Scottish Gaelic

Pronoun

ga

  1. him, it (direct object)
    Bha sinn ga thuigsinn. ― We understood it.
  2. her, it (direct object)
    Cha bhi mi ga tachairt. ― I won't be meeting her.

Usage notes

  • As him/it lenites the following word.
  • As her/it adds the prefix h- to the following word if it begins with a vowel.
    An robh thu ga h-ithe? ― Did you eat it?

Related terms

Related terms

Serbo-Croatian

Pronoun

ga (Cyrillic spelling га)

  1. of him (clitic genitive singular of ȏn (“he”))
  2. him (clitic accusative singular of ȏn (“he”))
  3. of it (clitic genitive singular of òno (“it”))
  4. it (clitic accusative singular of òno (“it”))

Declension

    Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
nominative ȏn òna òno òni òne òna
genitive njȅga, ga njȇ, je njȅga, ga njȋh, ih njȋh, ih njȋh, ih
dative njȅmu, mu njȏj, joj njȅmu, mu njȉma, im njȉma, im njȉma, im
accusative njȅga, ga, nj njȗ, ju, je njȅga, ga, nj njȋh, ih njȋh, ih njȋh, ih
vocative — — — — — —
locative njȅm, njȅmu njȏj njȅm, njȅmu njȉma njȉma njȉma
instrumental njȋm, njíme njȏm, njóme njȋm, njíme njȉma njȉma njȉma

Slovincian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kogъda.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɡa/
  • Syllabification: ga

Pronoun

ga

  1. introduces either a dependent or interrogative clause in reference to time; when

Conjunction

ga

  1. when, as; while (at the time that)
  2. when; if (under the condition that)
  3. when; because

Adverb

ga (not comparable)

  1. sometime (at some undetermined time)

Further reading

Sumerian

Romanization

ga

  1. Romanization of 𒂵 (ga)

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Possibly a shortened form of baga, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ba₅. Cognate with Cebuano ba and Malagasy va.

Particle

ga (Baybayin spelling ᜄ)

  1. (dialectal, Batangas, Quezon, Mindoro) marks a sentence as interrogative
    Synonyms: ba, (dialectal) baga

Etymology 2

Influenced by Baybayin character ᜄ (ga).

Noun

ga (Baybayin spelling ᜄ)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter G/g, in the Abakada alphabet.
    Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) dyi, (in the Abecedario) ge

See also

Further reading

  • “ga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Teribe

Noun

ga

  1. skunk

References

  • Gamarra A., Enrique, Villagra S., Inocencio (1980) Llëbo ñaglo lok kibokwogo ëre e lanyo = Vocabulario ilustrado teribe-español‎ (overall work in Teribe and Spanish), Instituto Nacional de Cultura & Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 9

Venetian

Verb

ga

  1. third-person singular present indicative of gaver

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From French gare.

Noun

ga (𥩤)

  1. train station

Etymology 2

From French gaz (“gas”), from Dutch gas.

Noun

ga (𪵤)

  1. gas, such as propane and/or butane, used for a gas stove; compare khí (“gas as a chemical substance”)
    bình ga ― a gas tank
  2. carbon dioxide used for a carbonated drink
    nước ngọt có ga ― a sweet carbonated drink
  3. lighter fluid
    Bật lửa này hết ga rồi.
    This lighter's run out of fluid.
  4. (automotive) the ignited mixture of fuel and air that powers an engine; not to be confused with xăng (“gasoline”)
    xe bị rồ/oà ga ― a motorcycle with a broken throttle that accelerates while the twistgrip is released
    Nổ nãy giờ mà chẳng có ga gì hết !
    I've been trying to start my bike for hours and it's still not working!
    chạy tẹt ga ― to step on it/on the gas; to floor it; to put your foot down; to run full throttle
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun

ga

  1. (Southern Vietnam, especially Mekong Delta) Pronunciation spelling of ra (“bed sheet”).

Waigali

Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *gā́wā (whence Ashkun gá, Kamkata-viri gó, Prasuni gúṭu, Tregami gá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš (whence Sanskrit गो (gó), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Persian گاو (gâv)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (whence Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Russian говя́до (govjádo), English cow).

Pronunciation

Noun

ga f

  1. cow

Welsh

Pronunciation

Verb

ga

  1. Soft mutation of ca.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
ca ga ngha cha
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Western Apache

Noun

ga

  1. jackrabbit

Wutunhua

Etymology

From Mandarin 尕 (gǎ).

Pronunciation

Adjective

ga

  1. small (in size, number, etc.)
    je-ge jjhakai zhungo kan-la xaige ga-li.
    This country is much smaller than China.
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 146)
    dangga gejhai-mu ga-de shai-la ha xaitang-li da gu qhi-de yi-zek ra mi-li.
    None of our schoolchildren goes to Chinese school at the very young age.
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 355)

References

  • Juha Janhunen, Marja Peltomaa, Erika Sandman, Xiawu Dongzhou (2008) Wutun (LINCOM's Descriptive Grammar Series), volume 466, LINCOM Europa, →ISBN
  • Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎, University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN

Yola

Verb

ga

  1. Alternative form of gae
    • 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 8:
      An Paudeen hay ga her a mighty smugal.
      And Paddy, he gave her a mighty smack.

References

  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

gà

  1. to set up a collapsible device; to open out; to spread out
    Bá mi ga agbòjò yìí ― Help me open this umbrella
  2. to gape open
    Ilẹ̀ á gà jù ọ́ lọ ― The ground shall open and swallow you up
Usage notes
  • ga before a direct object
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  1. to set someone up for a joke; (literally) to make someone believe what may not be true of themselves in a joking manner
    mo ń gà ẹ́ ni ― I am only setting you up for a joke
  2. (transitive) to tickle
    Synonyms: rìn, rìn ní ìgàkè, gà léèégìnnì, rìn léèégìnnì

Derived terms

Related terms

Usage notes

  • ga before a direct object

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

ga

  1. to be tall
    Antonym: kúrú
  2. (idiomatic) to be beyond that which can be tolerated or described
Synonyms
Yoruba varieties (to be tall)
Language Family Variety Group Variety Words
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY Southeast Yoruba Ìjẹ̀bú gọn
Ìkálẹ̀ go
Ìlàjẹ -
Oǹdó go
Ọ̀wọ̀ -
Usẹn -
Proto-Yoruba Central Yoruba Èkìtì ga
Ifẹ̀ go
Ìgbómìnà -
Ìjẹ̀ṣà -
Western Àkókó -
Northwest Yoruba Àwórì ga
Ẹ̀gbá -
Ìbàdàn ga
Òǹkò ga
Ọ̀yọ́ ga
Standard Yorùbá ga
Northeast Yoruba/Okun Ìbùnú -
Ìjùmú -
Ìyàgbà -
Owé ga
Ọ̀wọ̀rọ̀ -
Derived terms
  • gíga (“tallness; height”)
  • ó ga! (“this is beyond description!”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Verb

gá

  1. to stand aloof
  2. to become tired or fed up
    Synonym: gọ́
    ọ̀rọ̀ náàá gá mi ― This matter has caused me to be fed up
Derived terms

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Related to Persian گاو (gâv).

Pronunciation

Noun

ga

  1. ox
  2. bull
  3. (astronomy, astrology) Taurus

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *p.qaːᴬ (“leg”). Cognate with Thai ขา (kǎa), Northern Thai ᨡᩣ, Lao ຂາ (khā), Lü ᦃᦱ (ẋaa), Shan ၶႃ (khǎa), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥴ (xáa), Ahom 𑜁𑜡 (khā), Bouyei gal.

Pronunciation

Noun

ga (Sawndip forms 𮛑 or 胩 or 跏 or 軻, 1957–1982 spelling ga)

  1. (anatomy) leg
  2. leg (of a chair, table, etc.)

Classifier

ga (1957–1982 spelling ga)

  1. quarter of (a butchered four-legged animal)
  2. one of a pair of long, thin objects (shoes, socks, gloves, chopsticks, etc.)
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