From Middle Welsh gauael, from Proto-Brythonic *gaβaɨl, from Proto-Celtic *gabaglā (compare Cornish gavel, Old Breton gabael, Old Irish gabál), verbal noun of *gabyeti (“to take, hold”) (compare Old Irish gaibid), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰ- (compare Latin habeō, German geben).
gafael (first-person singular present gafaelaf)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | gafaelaf | gafaeli | gafael, gafaela | gafaelwn | gafaelwch | gafaelant | gafaelir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
gafaelwn | gafaelit | gafaelai | gafaelem | gafaelech | gafaelent | gafaelid | |
preterite | gafaelais | gafaelaist | gafaelodd | gafaelasom | gafaelasoch | gafaelasant | gafaelwyd | |
pluperfect | gafaelaswn | gafaelasit | gafaelasai | gafaelasem | gafaelasech | gafaelasent | gafaelasid, gafaelesid | |
present subjunctive | gafaelwyf | gafaelych | gafaelo | gafaelom | gafaeloch | gafaelont | gafaeler | |
imperative | — | gafael | gafaeled | gafaelwn | gafaelwch | gafaelent | gafaeler | |
verbal noun | gafael | |||||||
verbal adjectives | gafaeledig gafaeladwy |
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | gafaela i, gafaelaf i | gafaeli di | gafaelith o/e/hi, gafaeliff e/hi | gafaelwn ni | gafaelwch chi | gafaelan nhw |
conditional | gafaelwn i, gafaelswn i | gafaelet ti, gafaelset ti | gafaelai fo/fe/hi, gafaelsai fo/fe/hi | gafaelen ni, gafaelsen ni | gafaelech chi, gafaelsech chi | gafaelen nhw, gafaelsen nhw |
preterite | gafaelais i, gafaeles i | gafaelaist ti, gafaelest ti | gafaelodd o/e/hi | gafaelon ni | gafaeloch chi | gafaelon nhw |
imperative | — | gafaela | — | — | gafaelwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
gafael | afael | ngafael | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.