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English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Clipping of garfish.
Noun
gar (plural gars)
- (especially US, Canada) Any of several North American fish of the family Lepisosteidae that have long, narrow jaws.
- (especially UK, Ireland) A garfish, Belone belone.
Usage notes
- The European species was the original gar, and the North American gars were named after it, with other common names also shared between the two. In modern usage an attempt has been made to restrict "gar" to the North American fish and "garfish" to the European ones, but both names can be found for both types. Context can help: the North American gars are freshwater fish of a very primitive type, while the European gars are saltwater fish known for their green bones and their association with mackerel in folklore.
Derived terms
Translations
a North or Central American fish of the family Lepisosteidae
the European fish Belone belone
Etymology 2
From Middle English garren, gerren, from Old Norse gera, gerva (Swedish göra, Danish gøre), from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną. Compare yare; but also Old Cornish gorra (“put, place, set”).
Verb
gar (third-person singular simple present gars, present participle garring, simple past and past participle gart)
- (now chiefly UK dialectal) To make, compel (someone to do something); to cause (something to be done).
1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book XX:I shall firste begyn at Sandwyche, and there I shall go in my shearte, barefoote, and at every ten myles ende I shall founde and gar make an house of religious, of what order that ye woll assygne me [...].
1885, Sir Richard Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night, Night 15:Time gars me tremble. Ah, how sore the baulk! / While Time in pride of strength cloth ever stalk [...].
See also
Anagrams
Basque
Noun
gar inan
- blaze
Breton
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Breton garr, from Proto-Brythonic *garr, from Proto-Celtic *garros.
Noun
gar f (plural garoù)
- leg
Mutation
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
gar
- Soft mutation of kar.
Mutation
German
Etymology
From Middle High German gare (inflected garw-), from Old High German garo, from Proto-West Germanic *garu, from Proto-Germanic *garwaz.
Cognate with Dutch gaar, archaic English yare (“keen, lively, eager”). Related to gerben.
Pronunciation
Adjective
gar (strong nominative masculine singular garer, not comparable)
- cooked, done (of food such as meat or vegetables: ready for consumption)
- (of a metal) refined
Declension
Positive forms of gar (uncomparable)
Derived terms
Adverb
gar
- (chiefly in the negative) at all; even
- Synonym: überhaupt
Sie hat gar kein Geld.- She has no money at all.
Er ist gar nicht gekommen.- He didn't even show up. / He didn't show up at all.
2010, Der Spiegel, number 25/2010, page 80:Ein Verbot sollte es nach Ansicht vieler Ökonomen auch für die sogenannten Leerverkäufe geben. Banken verkaufen dabei Aktien oder Währungen, die sie noch gar nicht besitzen oder allenfalls geliehen haben.- In the opinion of many economists, there should also exist a prohibition for the so-called short sales. In these, banks sell shares or currencies that they do not own at all yet or have borrowed at best.
- (chiefly formal or literary) even; expressing a climax
- Synonyms: sogar, selbst, geradezu
Ist er ein Dieb? Ein Räuber? Oder gar ein Mörder?- Is he a thief? A robber? Or even a murderer?
- (chiefly formal or literary, with zu) all
- Synonym: all, usually spelt allzu
Wenn er gar zu frech wird, geben Sie ihm eine kräftige Ohrfeige.- If he becomes all too impertinent, give him a sturdy slap.
- (Austria, Switzerland, otherwise archaic, poetic) very; quite; really
- Synonyms: ganz, recht, sehr, ziemlich; see also Thesaurus:sehr
Das war gar frech von dir!- That was quite impertinent of you!
1845, Heinrich Hoffmann, Die gar traurige Geschichte mit dem Feuerzeug (Struwwelpeter):Die gar traurige Geschichte mit dem Feuerzeug- The Very Sad Tale with the Matches
Derived terms
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish gar (“short; near”). See Middle Irish gerr (“short”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
gar (genitive singular masculine gair, genitive singular feminine gaire, plural gara, comparative gaire or neasa)
- near
- short (of time)
- (literary) convenient; easy, likely
- near, mean, stingy
Declension
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Derived terms
- gar- (“near, close; approximate”)
Noun
gar m (genitive singular gair, nominative plural garanna)
- nearness, proximity
- convenience, service; turn, favor
Declension
Synonyms
Derived terms
Mutation
Irish mutation
|
Radical
|
Lenition
|
Eclipsis
|
gar
|
ghar
|
ngar
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 gar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Latvian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Preposition
gar (with accusative)
- along
Middle English
Noun
gar
- Alternative form of gare
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *gaiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós (“pointed stick, spear”).
Cognate with Old Frisian gēr, Old Saxon gēr, Old High German gēr, Old Norse geirr.
Pronunciation
Noun
gār m
- (poetic) spear, arrow, dart
Declension
Declension of gar (strong a-stem)
Derived terms
Descendants
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Back-formation from gary, which is an alteration of *garki, a non-standard form of garnki, plural of garnek, from Proto-Slavic *gъrnъ.
Noun
gar m inan
- (colloquial) Augmentative of garnek
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
gar f
- genitive plural of gara
Further reading
- gar in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- gar in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Salar
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *kār. Compare to Shor қар, Kazakh қар (qar), Kyrgyz кар (kar), Southern Altai кар (kar), Azerbaijani qar, Turkish kar.
Noun
gar (3rd person possessive , plural )
- snow
References
Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “qar”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow
Scots
Etymology
From Middle English garren, gerren, from Old Norse gera, gǫrva, gørva (Swedish göra, Danish gøre), from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną. Compare English yare.
Pronunciation
Verb
gar (simple past and past participle gart or gert)
- to make (somebody or something do something)
- Whit gars ye say that? ― What makes you say that?
Related terms
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology 1
Pronoun
gar
- us (direct object)
- Cò a bhios gar cuideachadh? ― Who will help us?
Usage notes
- Adds the prefix n- to the following word if it begins with a vowel:
- Cha robh i gar n-ainmeachadh. ― She didn't mention us.
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Old Irish gorim, from Proto-Celtic *gʷrenso-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”), from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”); see also Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”), Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”), Latin formus (“warm”), Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), English warm.
Verb
gar (past ghar, future garaidh, verbal noun garadh, past participle garte)
- warm
- a' garadh an làmhan ris an teine ― warming their hands at the fire
Related terms
References
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gar”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 92 iii, 95 iii (1)
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish غار (gar), from French gare.
Pronunciation
Noun
gar (definite accusative garı, plural garlar)
- station (railway)
Related terms
References
- Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
Turkmen
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *kār.
Noun
gar (definite accusative , plural )
- snow
Welsh
Pronunciation
Noun
gar
- Soft mutation of car.
Mutation
West Tarangan
Noun
gar
- water
Further reading
- Richard J. Nivens, A Lexical Phonology of West Tarangan, in Phonological Studies in Four Languages of Maluku (1992, edited by Donald A. Burquest, Wyn D. Laidig)
- Richard J. Nivens, Borrowing Versus Code-switching in West Tarangan (Indonesia) (2002)
- E. Wattimury, A. Haulussy, J. Pentry, Sintaksis bahasa Tarangan (1995), page 48