gdzie

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See also: gdżie

Old Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъde. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɡd͡ʑɛ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɡd͡ʑɛ/

Pronoun

gdzie

  1. where (in what place?)
  2. where, whither (to what place?)
  3. when (at what time?)
  4. somewhere (in some unidentified place)

Conjunction

gdzie

  1. where
  2. if

Descendants

  • Masurian: gdżie, dżie
  • Polish: gdzie
  • Silesian: gdzie, dzie

References

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish gdzie.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡd͡ʑɛ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈɡd͡ʑɛ/
  • Audio 1(file)
  • Audio 2(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛ
  • Syllabification: gdzie

Pronoun

gdzie

  1. (relative) where (in the place where)
  2. (interrogative) where (in what place?)
  3. (interrogative) where, whither (to what place?)
    Synonym: dokąd

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), gdzie is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 49 times in scientific texts, 70 times in news, 71 times in essays, 104 times in fiction, and 115 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 409 times, making it the 115th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Particle

gdzie

  1. (sciences) where (used to specify the meaning of a variable)
    Synonym: niech
    Gdzie x oznacza... ― Where x signifies...
  2. (colloquial) used to state the speaker's disagreement with a statement and that the speaker knows something else to be true; what; yeah right
    Antonym: właśnie

Derived terms

pronouns

Conjunction

gdzie

  1. where

Adverb

gdzie (not comparable)

  1. (colloquial) somewhere (in some unidentified place)
    Synonym: gdzieś

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “gdzie”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 125

Further reading

  • gdzie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gdzie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “gdzie”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “GDZIE”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2018 June 30
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “gdzie”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “gdzie”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gdzie”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 815

Silesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish gdzie.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɡd͡ʑɛ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛ
  • Syllabification: gdzie

Pronoun

gdzie

  1. where (in what place?)
    Synonyms: kaj, (Cieszyń) kany, kyndy

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia