glas

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch glas, from Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χlas/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

glas (plural glase, diminutive glasie)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)
2. (countable) glass (vessel)

Derived terms

• glashuis

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton glas, Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlɑːs/

Adjective

glas

1. blue
2. green

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German glas, from Old High German glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, Proto-Germanic *glasą (“glass”). Cognate with German Glas, English glass.

Noun

glas n (plural gléezar, diminutive glèzale) (Luserna, Sette Comuni)

1. glass (material)

   de gléezar 'me béestre ― window panes

2. glass (drinking vessel)

   Synonym: tatza

   an glas bàin ― a glass of wine

Derived terms

• gléezaran

References

• “glas” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
• “glas” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Cornish

Etymology

From Middle Cornish glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key):
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key):

Adjective

glas

1. blue

   Synonym: blou

2. green (of living things)
3. grey

Mutation

See also

Dalmatian

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *glacium/-a, from Latin glaciēs.

Noun

glas m

1. ice
   • el glas se scomiença desfúar

     the ice begins to melt

Related terms

• glazait

References

Bartoli, Matteo (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000, page 275

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Noun

glas n (singular definite glasset, plural indefinite glas)

1. (uncountable) glass (substance)
2. glass (drinking vessel)
3. (nautical) bells, a mark given by the bells of a ship every half hour to mark the passing of time during a four-hour watch. There were eight bells per watch and then the counting started from the beginning.

Inflection

Derived terms

• forstørrelsesglas

Descendants

• → Icelandic: glas

Further reading

• “glas” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “glas” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Compare Low German Glas, German Glas, English glass, West Frisian glês, Icelandic gler.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlɑs/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: glas
• Rhymes: -ɑs

Noun

glas n (plural glazen, diminutive glaasje n)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)

   Vensters zijn gemaakt van glas. ― Windows are made of glass.

2. (countable) glass (vessel)

   Staan er al glazen op tafel? ― Are there glasses on the table yet?

3. (countable) glass (quantity)

   Drink even een glas water. ― Drink a glass of water.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: glas
• Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
• Negerhollands: glas
• → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
• → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
• → Indonesian: gelas
• → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
• → Papiamentu: glas
• → Sranan Tongo: grasi
  • → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)

Further reading

• “glas” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie.

Anagrams

• slag

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klɛaːs/

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glas, plural gløs)

1. glass (material)
2. glass (beverage container)
3. glass (quantity)
4. little bottle

Declension

French

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *classum, from Latin classicum (“trumpet signal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡla/, /ɡlɑ/
• (France) IPA^(key): /ɡla/, /ɡlɑ/

• Audio (Paris)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ

Noun

glas m (plural glas)

1. (funeral) bell
2. (figuratively) death knell (omen)

Derived terms

• sonner le glas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/

Etymology 1

Noun

glas

1. mirror

Etymology 2

From French glace (“ice”).

Noun

glas

1. ice

Related terms

• glase

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse glas(keri), itself borrowed from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glass, nominative plural glös)

1. glass (beverage container)

Declension

Derived terms

Irish

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Distinguishing blue from green in Celtic languages

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡl̪ˠɑsˠ/
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑsˠ/
• (Connemara) IPA^(key): /ɡl̪ˠasˠ/
• (Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡlˠasˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, plural glasa, comparative glaise)

1. green (of grass, trees, etc.; environmentally friendly)

   Is glas na cnoic i bhfad uainn (proverb) ― Far-off hills are green.

2. raw, inexperienced
3. pale, having a sickly color
4. grey (of animals etc.)
5. raw (of weather)

Declension

Derived terms

Noun

glas m (genitive singular glais)

1. green (colour)

Declension

Verb

glas (present analytic glasann, future analytic glasfaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glasta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of glasaigh (“become green”)

Conjugation

See also

Etymology 2

From Old Irish glas (“clasp, lock”).

Noun

glas m (genitive singular glais, nominative plural glais)

1. lock

   Is fearr glas ná amhras. (proverb)

   Better safe than sorry.

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 3

From Old Irish glais, glaise, glas.

Noun

glas f (genitive singular glaise, nominative plural glasa)

1. rivulet, stream

Declension

Mutation

References

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “glas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “glas” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “glas” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlas/

Noun

glas n

1. glass (substance)

Descendants

• Dutch: glas
  • Afrikaans: glas
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: glasi
  • Negerhollands: glas
  • → Caribbean Hindustani: gilás
  • → Caribbean Javanese: gelas
  • → Indonesian: gelas
  • → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
  • → Papiamentu: glas
  • → Sranan Tongo: grasi
    • → Kari'na: kalasi (or directly)
• Limburgish: glaas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “glas”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Middle English

Alternative forms

• glace, glasce, glass, glasse

Etymology

Inherited from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlas/, /ˈɡlaːs/, /ˈɡlɛs/

Noun

glas (plural glasses)

1. Glass (substance made with melted sand):
   • a. 1394, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales‎, lines 151–152:

     Ful semyly hir wympul pynched was /Hir nose tretys, hir eyen greye as glas […]

     Her wimple was folded in quite a seemly way / Her nose slender; her eyes grey like glass

2. An object made of or containing glass:
   1. A glass; a cup or drinking-vessel made of glass.
   2. A box, receptacle, or vessel made of glass.
   3. A mirror made of glass; a piece of glass for personal grooming.
   4. (rare) A sandglass; a sand timer.
3. Ground-up glass as used in alchemy and pharmaceuticals.
4. A kind of crystal similar in appearance to glass.
5. (rare) A shard or fragment of glass.

Related terms

Descendants

• English: glass (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: gless, glass

References

• “glas, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-20.

Northern Kurdish

Noun

glas f

1. glass (substance)

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

glas n (definite singular glaset, indefinite plural glas, definite plural glasa or glasene)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by glass

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

glas

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

From Middle Low German glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

Noun

glas n (definite singular glaset, indefinite plural glas, definite plural glasa)

1. glass (hard and transparent material)
2. glass (drink container made of glass)
3. window

See also

• glass (Bokmål)

References

• “glas” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas

1. green, greenish (especially of growing things, grass, trees, etc.)
2. blue, green-blue, grey-blue
3. the colour of the blue dye extracted from woad
4. metallic in colour
5. the colour of frost or ice
6. shades of grey
7. wan (of complexion)
8. bluish, livid, discolored
9. faded (of clothing)

Inflection

Descendants

Etymology 2

From earlier *glapsâ, which could be related to Old English clyppan (“to clasp, embrace, hold onto”).

Noun

glas m or f

1. lock, fetter, clasp, bolt
2. winding up, conclusion

Inflection

Descendants

Mutation

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “glas”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN, page 196

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• glar

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Compare Old English glæs, Old Dutch glas, Old Frisian gles, Old High German glas, clas, Old Norse gler.

Noun

glas n

1. glass

Descendants

• Middle Low German: glas, glār
  • German Low German: Glas
  • Plautdietsch: Glauss
  • → Old Norse: *glas
    • Faroese: glas
    • Norwegian: glass, glas
    • Old Swedish: glas
      • Swedish: glas
    • Old Danish: glas
      • Danish: glas
        • → Icelandic: glas
    • → Finnish: lasi (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Old Norse: glaskeri

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic гласъ (glasŭ, “voice”), from Proto-Slavic *golsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/
• Rhymes: -as

Noun

glas n (plural glasuri)

1. (now relatively literary) voice
2. (music) mode of Orthodox chant, of which there are eight
3. (obsolete) words, speech
4. (obsolete) news

Declension

Derived terms

• glasnic
• glăscior
• glăsi
• glăsui

References

• glas in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl̪ˠas̪/
• Hyphenation: glas

Etymology 1

From Old Irish glas (descriptive of various shades of light green and blue, passing from grass-green to grey). Cognates include Irish glas and Manx glass.

Adjective

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, nominative plural glasa, comparative glaise)

1. green (natural; of grass, trees, etc.)

   Synonym: gorm

2. green (unripe)
3. (figurative) green (inexperienced)
4. grey (of sheep, horses, cloth, wool, etc.; also of eyes)
5. pale, wan, sallow

Declension

Verb

glas (past ghlas, future glasaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glaste)

1. (intransitive) to pale; to turn grey

See also

Etymology 2

From Old Irish glas (“clasp, lock”). Cognate with Irish glas and Manx glass.

Noun

glas f (genitive singular glaise, plural glasan)

1. lock

Declension

Derived terms

Verb

glas (past ghlas, future glasaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glaste)

1. (transitive) to lock

Alternative forms

• glais

Mutation

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “glas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Colin Mark (2003) The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 334
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golsъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsás.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlâːs/

Noun

glȃs m (Cyrillic spelling гла̑с)

1. voice
2. vote
3. (expressively) news
4. (linguistics) phone

Declension

Derived terms

• glȁsan

References

• “glas” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *golsъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsás.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡláːs/
• Hyphenation: glas

Noun

glȃs m inan

1. voice

   Synonyms: glasek, štima, vokal

2. vote

   Synonyms: votum, volilni glas

3. (linguistics) phone
4. sound

   Synonym: zvok

5. rumour, repute

   Synonym: govorica

6. (obsolete) message

   Synonyms: sporočilo, obvestilo

Declension

n=

• less common, stylistically marked in dual and plural

n=

Derived terms

Further reading

• “glas”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “glas”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Spanish

Adjective

glas (invariable)

1. Only used in azúcar glas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish glas, from Middle Low German glas, from Old Saxon glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːs

Noun

glas n

1. glass (material)

   en glasmugg

   a glass mug

   en mugg av glas

   a mug made of glass

   glasblåsare

   glassblower

2. a glass (vessel)

   ett glas mjölk

   a glass of milk

   ett glas saft

   a glass of squash/cordial

   ett vinglas

   a wine glass

   Glaset föll i golvet och gick i kras

   The glass fell to the floor and shattered

Usage notes

• "A glass of X" is idiomatically "ett glas X" or – less commonly – "ett glas med X" (a glass with X). "Ett glas av mjölk" means "a glass made of milk."
• Other containers work the same way, for example "två flaskor vin" (two bottles of wine), "en dunk bensin" (a jerry can of gas), and "en tunna potatis" (a barrel of potatoes), as well as some other means of packaging something, like "en rulle hushållspapper" (a roll of kitchen paper).

Declension

Derived terms

• glasbruk
• glashytta
• inte spotta i glaset (“to like a drink”)

See also

• glass (“ice cream”)

References

• glas in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• glas in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• glas in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• algs, lags, slag

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English glass.

Noun

glas

1. glass (as in glass of water)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Etymology 1

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos. Related to glân (“clean”), arsenig (“arsenic”), and clorin (“chlorine”).

Cognate with Cornish glas (“blue, green, grey”), Breton glas (“blue”), Irish glas (“green, grey”), Scottish Gaelic glas (“grey, green, unripe”) and Manx glass (“green, grey, pale, raw”).

Adjective

glas (feminine singular glas, plural gleision, equative glased, comparative glasach, superlative glasaf)

1. blue
2. (archaic) green (of plants), verdant, unripe

   Synonym: gwyrdd

3. (archaic) pale blue or green, slate-coloured
4. (archaic) silver

   Synonym: arian

5. early, dawning, young, raw, immature
   • 2001, Menna Elfyn, Er cof am Kelly:

     Panig wedi'r poen. / "My God its only a little girl" / Meddai'r glas filwr.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

6. grey (of a horse)

Usage notes

The word glas used to cover a much wider range of colours than it does in modern Welsh, from green (especially of nature) through blue to slaty grey and silver. In the present-day language it corresponds to English "blue" but is occasionally found in phrases and compound words to convey other colours.

Derived terms

Mutation

See also

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

glas

1. Soft mutation of clas (“cloister”).

Mutation