gleðja

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Icelandic

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse gleðja, from Proto-Germanic *gladjaną.

Pronunciation

Verb

gleðja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative gladdi, supine glatt)

  1. (transitive, governs the accusative) to gladden, make happy

Conjugation

gleðja — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að gleðja
supine
(sagnbót) 		glatt
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		gleðjandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég gleð við gleðjum present
(nútíð) 		ég gleðji við gleðjum
þú gleður þið gleðjið þú gleðjir þið gleðjið
hann, hún, það gleður þeir, þær, þau gleðja hann, hún, það gleðji þeir, þær, þau gleðji
past
(þátíð) 		ég gladdi við glöddum past
(þátíð) 		ég gleddi við gleddum
þú gladdir þið glödduð þú gleddir þið gledduð
hann, hún, það gladdi þeir, þær, þau glöddu hann, hún, það gleddi þeir, þær, þau gleddu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		gleð (þú) gleðjið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
gleddu gleðjiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
gleðjast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að gleðjast
supine
(sagnbót) 		glaðst
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		gleðjandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég gleðst við gleðjumst present
(nútíð) 		ég gleðjist við gleðjumst
þú gleðst þið gleðjist þú gleðjist þið gleðjist
hann, hún, það gleðst þeir, þær, þau gleðjast hann, hún, það gleðjist þeir, þær, þau gleðjist
past
(þátíð) 		ég gladdist við glöddumst past
(þátíð) 		ég gleddist við gleddumst
þú gladdist þið glöddust þú gleddist þið gleddust
hann, hún, það gladdist þeir, þær, þau glöddust hann, hún, það gleddist þeir, þær, þau gleddust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		gleðst (þú) gleðist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
gleðstu gleðisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
gladdur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		gladdur gladd glatt gladdir gladdar gladd
accusative
(þolfall) 		gladdan gladda glatt gladda gladdar gladd
dative
(þágufall) 		gladdum gladdri gladdu gladdum gladdum gladdum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		gladds gladdrar gladds gleddra gleddra gleddra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		gladdi gladda gladda gladdu gladdu gladdu
accusative
(þolfall) 		gladda gladdu gladda gladdu gladdu gladdu
dative
(þágufall) 		gladda gladdu gladda gladdu gladdu gladdu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		gladda gladdu gladda gladdu gladdu gladdu

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *gladjaną, equvialent to glaðr (“glad, happy”) + -ja (causative verb suffix)

Verb

gleðja (singular past indicative gladdi, plural past indicative glǫddu, past participle gladdr)

  1. to gladden, to make glad
  2. (mediopassive) to rejoice

Conjugation

Conjugation of gleðja — active (weak class 1)
infinitive gleðja
present participle gleðjandi
past participle gladdr
indicative present past
1st-person singular gleð gladda
2nd-person singular gleðr gladdir
3rd-person singular gleðr gladdi
1st-person plural gleðjum glǫddum
2nd-person plural gleðið glǫdduð
3rd-person plural gleðja glǫddu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular gleðja gledda
2nd-person singular gleðir gleddir
3rd-person singular gleði gleddi
1st-person plural gleðim gleddim
2nd-person plural gleðið gleddið
3rd-person plural gleði gleddi
imperative present
2nd-person singular gleð
1st-person plural gleðjum
2nd-person plural gleðið
Conjugation of gleðja — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive gleðjask
present participle gleðjandisk
past participle glazk
indicative present past
1st-person singular gleðjumk glǫddumk
2nd-person singular glezk gladdisk
3rd-person singular glezk gladdisk
1st-person plural gleðjumsk glǫddumsk
2nd-person plural gleðizk glǫdduzk
3rd-person plural gleðjask glǫddusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular gleðjumk gleddumk
2nd-person singular gleðisk gleddisk
3rd-person singular gleðisk gleddisk
1st-person plural gleðimsk gleddimsk
2nd-person plural gleðizk gleddizk
3rd-person plural gleðisk gleddisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular glezk
1st-person plural gleðjumsk
2nd-person plural gleðizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: gleðja
  • Faroese: gleða
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gle, gleda, glede (long form)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: glede
  • Danish: glæde
  • Old Swedish: glæþia

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia