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Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Irish gress.
Pronunciation
Noun
greas f (genitive singular greise, nominative plural greasa)
- amount of anything done at a time
- spell (indefinite period of time)
- (literary) attack, onset
- (literary) injury
Declension
Derived terms
Verb
greas (present analytic greasann, future analytic greasfaidh, verbal noun greasadh, past participle greasta)
- Alternative form of dreasaigh (“to incite”)
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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greasaim
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greasann tú; greasair†
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greasann sé, sí
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greasaimid
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greasann sibh
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greasann siad; greasaid†
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a ghreasann; a ghreasas / a ngreasann*; a ngreasas*
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greastar
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past
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ghreas mé; ghreasas
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ghreas tú; ghreasais
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ghreas sé, sí
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ghreasamar; ghreas muid
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ghreas sibh; ghreasabhair
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ghreas siad; ghreasadar
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a ghreas / ar ghreas*
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greasadh
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past habitual
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ghreasainn / ngreasainn‡‡
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ghreastá / ngreastᇇ
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ghreasadh sé, sí / ngreasadh sé, s퇇
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ghreasaimis; ghreasadh muid / ngreasaimis‡‡; ngreasadh muid‡‡
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ghreasadh sibh / ngreasadh sibh‡‡
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ghreasaidís; ghreasadh siad / ngreasaidís‡‡; ngreasadh siad‡‡
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a ghreasadh / a ngreasadh*
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ghreastaí / ngreasta퇇
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future
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greasfaidh mé; greasfad
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greasfaidh tú; greasfair†
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greasfaidh sé, sí
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greasfaimid; greasfaidh muid
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greasfaidh sibh
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greasfaidh siad; greasfaid†
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a ghreasfaidh; a ghreasfas / a ngreasfaidh*; a ngreasfas*
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greasfar
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conditional
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ghreasfainn / ngreasfainn‡‡
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ghreasfá / ngreasfᇇ
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ghreasfadh sé, sí / ngreasfadh sé, s퇇
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ghreasfaimis; ghreasfadh muid / ngreasfaimis‡‡; ngreasfadh muid‡‡
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ghreasfadh sibh / ngreasfadh sibh‡‡
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ghreasfaidís; ghreasfadh siad / ngreasfaidís‡‡; ngreasfadh siad‡‡
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a ghreasfadh / a ngreasfadh*
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ghreasfaí / ngreasfa퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go ngreasa mé; go ngreasad†
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go ngreasa tú; go ngreasair†
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go ngreasa sé, sí
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go ngreasaimid; go ngreasa muid
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go ngreasa sibh
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go ngreasa siad; go ngreasaid†
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—
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go ngreastar
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past
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dá ngreasainn
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dá ngreastá
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dá ngreasadh sé, sí
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dá ngreasaimis; dá ngreasadh muid
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dá ngreasadh sibh
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dá ngreasaidís; dá ngreasadh siad
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—
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dá ngreastaí
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imperative
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greasaim
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greas
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greasadh sé, sí
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greasaimis
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greasaigí; greasaidh†
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greasaidís
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—
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greastar
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verbal noun
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greasadh
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past participle
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greasta
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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greas
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ghreas
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ngreas
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Further reading
- “greas”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 gres(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “greas”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 382
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “greas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 21
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Middle Irish gressaid, from Proto-Celtic *gred-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreydʰ-, see also Lithuanian grìdyti (“to go, to wander”), Old Irish in·greinn, do·greinn (“to persecute”).
Pronunciation
Verb
greas (past ghreas, future greasaidh, verbal noun greasadh, past participle greaste)
- to hurry (+ air + object pronoun agreeing with the subject)
- Greas ort! ― Hurry up!
References
- MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “greas”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN