greina

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Faroese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse greina.

Verb

greina (third person singular past indicative greindi/greinaði, third person plural past indicative greindu/greinaðu, supine greint/greinað)

  1. to distinguish
  2. to interpret
  3. to branch off, ramify
  4. to analyze/analyse

Conjugation

Conjugation of greina (group v-1)
infinitive greina
supine greint
participle (a7)1 greinandi greindur
present past
first singular greini greindi
second singular greinir greindi
third singular greinir greindi
plural greina greindu
imperative
singular grein!
plural greinið!
1Only the past participle being declined.
Conjugation of greina (group v-30)
infinitive greina
supine greinað
participle (a6)1 greinandi greinaður
present past
first singular greini greinaði
second singular greinar greinaði
third singular greinar greinaði
plural greina greinaðu
imperative
singular greina!
plural greinið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse greina.

Pronunciation

Verb

greina (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative greindi, supine greint)

  1. to discern, to distinguish, to separate
    • Genesis 1 (Icelandic translation)
      Guð sagði: „Verði ljós!“ Og það varð ljós. Guð sá, að ljósið var gott, og Guð greindi ljósið frá myrkrinu. Og Guð kallaði ljósið dag, en myrkrið kallaði hann nótt. Það varð kveld og það varð morgunn, hinn fyrsti dagur.
      And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. God saw that the light was good, and He separated the light from the darkness. God called the light "day," and the darkness he called "night." And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
  2. (with accusative) to analyse
  3. (of a disease, with accusative) to diagnose
  4. (with accusative) to make something out, to discern
  5. (impersonal)
    Okkur greinir á um þetta.
    We disagree about this.

Conjugation

greina — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að greina
supine
(sagnbót) 		greint
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		greinandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég greini við greinum present
(nútíð) 		ég greini við greinum
þú greinir þið greinið þú greinir þið greinið
hann, hún, það greinir þeir, þær, þau greina hann, hún, það greini þeir, þær, þau greini
past
(þátíð) 		ég greindi við greindum past
(þátíð) 		ég greindi við greindum
þú greindir þið greinduð þú greindir þið greinduð
hann, hún, það greindi þeir, þær, þau greindu hann, hún, það greindi þeir, þær, þau greindu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		grein (þú) greinið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
greindu greiniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
greinast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að greinast
supine
(sagnbót) 		greinst
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		greinandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég greinist við greinumst present
(nútíð) 		ég greinist við greinumst
þú greinist þið greinist þú greinist þið greinist
hann, hún, það greinist þeir, þær, þau greinast hann, hún, það greinist þeir, þær, þau greinist
past
(þátíð) 		ég greindist við greindumst past
(þátíð) 		ég greindist við greindumst
þú greindist þið greindust þú greindist þið greindust
hann, hún, það greindist þeir, þær, þau greindust hann, hún, það greindist þeir, þær, þau greindust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		greinst (þú) greinist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
greinstu greinisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
greindur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		greindur greind greint greindir greindar greind
accusative
(þolfall) 		greindan greinda greint greinda greindar greind
dative
(þágufall) 		greindum greindri greindu greindum greindum greindum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		greinds greindrar greinds greindra greindra greindra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		greindi greinda greinda greindu greindu greindu
accusative
(þolfall) 		greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu
dative
(þágufall) 		greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu

Synonyms

Derived terms

Derived terms

Noun

greina

  1. indefinite accusative/genitive plural of greinir

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

greina m or f

  1. definite feminine singular of grein

Alternative forms

Verb

greina

  1. inflection of greine:
    1. simple past
    2. past participle

Alternative forms

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

greina f

  1. definite singular of grein

Old Norse

Etymology 1

According to Ihre, related to Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”). However, compare the noun grein (“branch, distinction”), from *granō (“awn, bristles”).

Verb

greina

  1. to divide into parts
  2. to discern, distinguish
  3. to expound, tell, record
  4. (reflexive) to branch out, be separated
Conjugation
Conjugation of greina — active (weak class 1)
infinitive greina
present participle greinandi
past participle greindr
indicative present past
1st-person singular greini greinda
2nd-person singular greinir greindir
3rd-person singular greinir greindi
1st-person plural greinum greindum
2nd-person plural greinið greinduð
3rd-person plural greina greindu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular greina greinda
2nd-person singular greinir greindir
3rd-person singular greini greindi
1st-person plural greinim greindim
2nd-person plural greinið greindið
3rd-person plural greini greindi
imperative present
2nd-person singular grein, greini
1st-person plural greinum
2nd-person plural greinið
Conjugation of greina — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive greinask
present participle greinandisk
past participle greinzk
indicative present past
1st-person singular greinumk greindumk
2nd-person singular greinisk greindisk
3rd-person singular greinisk greindisk
1st-person plural greinumsk greindumsk
2nd-person plural greinizk greinduzk
3rd-person plural greinask greindusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular greinumk greindumk
2nd-person singular greinisk greindisk
3rd-person singular greinisk greindisk
1st-person plural greinimsk greindimsk
2nd-person plural greinizk greindizk
3rd-person plural greinisk greindisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular greinsk, greinisk
1st-person plural greinumsk
2nd-person plural greinizk
Descendants
  • Faroese: greina
  • Icelandic: greina
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: greine
  • Norwegian Bokmål: grene, greine

Etymology 2

Noun

greina

  1. indefinite genitive plural of grein

References

  • “greina”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  1. ^ Zettersten, A., Mogensen, J. E. (2011). Symposium on Lexicography XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Lexicography May 2-4, 2002 at the University of Copenhagen. Germany: De Gruyter, p. 353
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