greina

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Faroese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse greina.

Verb

greina (third person singular past indicative greindi/greinaði, third person plural past indicative greindu/greinaðu, supine greint/greinað)

  1. to distinguish
  2. to interpret
  3. to branch off, ramify
  4. to analyze/analyse

Conjugation

Conjugation of greina (group v-1)
infinitive greina
supine greint
present past
first singular greini greindi
second singular greinir greindi
third singular greinir greindi
plural greina greindu
participle (a7)1 greinandi greindur
imperative
singular grein!
plural greinið!

1Only the past participle being declined.

Conjugation of greina (group v-30)
infinitive greina
supine greinað
present past
first singular greini greinaði
second singular greinar greinaði
third singular greinar greinaði
plural greina greinaðu
participle (a6)1 greinandi greinaður
imperative
singular greina!
plural greinið!

1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Norse greina.

Verb

greina (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative greindi, supine greint)

  1. to discern, to distinguish, to separate
    • Genesis 1 (Icelandic translation)
      Guð sagði: „Verði ljós!“ Og það varð ljós. Guð sá, að ljósið var gott, og Guð greindi ljósið frá myrkrinu. Og Guð kallaði ljósið dag, en myrkrið kallaði hann nótt. Það varð kveld og það varð morgunn, hinn fyrsti dagur.
      And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. God saw that the light was good, and He separated the light from the darkness. God called the light "day," and the darkness he called "night." And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
  2. to analyse
  3. (of a disease) to diagnose
  4. to make something out, to discern
  5. (impersonal)
    Okkur greinir á um þetta.
    We disagree about this.
Conjugation
greina – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur greina
supine sagnbót greint
present participle
greinandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég greini greindi greini greindi
þú greinir greindir greinir greindir
hann, hún, það greinir greindi greini greindi
plural við greinum greindum greinum greindum
þið greinið greinduð greinið greinduð
þeir, þær, þau greina greindu greini greindu
imperative boðháttur
singular þú grein (þú), greindu
plural þið greinið (þið), greiniði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
greinast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive nafnháttur greinast
supine sagnbót greinst
present participle
greinandist (rare; see appendix)
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég greinist greindist greinist greindist
þú greinist greindist greinist greindist
hann, hún, það greinist greindist greinist greindist
plural við greinumst greindumst greinumst greindumst
þið greinist greindust greinist greindust
þeir, þær, þau greinast greindust greinist greindust
imperative boðháttur
singular þú greinst (þú), greinstu
plural þið greinist (þið), greinisti1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
greindur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
greindur greind greint greindir greindar greind
accusative
(þolfall)
greindan greinda greint greinda greindar greind
dative
(þágufall)
greindum greindri greindu greindum greindum greindum
genitive
(eignarfall)
greinds greindrar greinds greindra greindra greindra
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
greindi greinda greinda greindu greindu greindu
accusative
(þolfall)
greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu
dative
(þágufall)
greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu
genitive
(eignarfall)
greinda greindu greinda greindu greindu greindu
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

greina

  1. indefinite accusative/genitive plural of greinir

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

greina m or f

  1. definite feminine singular of grein

Alternative forms

Verb

greina

  1. inflection of greine:
    1. simple past
    2. past participle

Alternative forms

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

greina f

  1. definite singular of grein

Old Norse

Etymology 1

According to Ihre, related to Proto-Germanic *grindaną (to grind). However, compare the noun grein (branch, distinction), from *granō (awn, bristles).

Verb

greina

  1. to divide into parts
  2. to discern, distinguish
  3. to expound, tell, record
  4. (reflexive) to branch out, be separated
Conjugation
Conjugation of greina — active (weak class 1)
infinitive greina
present participle greinandi
past participle greindr
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular greini greinda greina greinda
2nd person singular greinir greindir greinir greindir
3rd person singular greinir greindi greini greindi
1st person plural greinum greindum greinim greindim
2nd person plural greinið greinduð greinið greindið
3rd person plural greina greindu greini greindi
imperative present
2nd person singular grein, greini
1st person plural greinum
2nd person plural greinið
Conjugation of greina — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive greinask
present participle greinandisk
past participle greinzk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular greinumk greindumk greinumk greindumk
2nd person singular greinisk greindisk greinisk greindisk
3rd person singular greinisk greindisk greinisk greindisk
1st person plural greinumsk greindumsk greinimsk greindimsk
2nd person plural greinizk greinduzk greinizk greindizk
3rd person plural greinask greindusk greinisk greindisk
imperative present
2nd person singular greinsk, greinisk
1st person plural greinumsk
2nd person plural greinizk
Descendants
  • Faroese: greina
  • Icelandic: greina
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: greine
  • Norwegian Bokmål: grene, greine

Etymology 2

Noun

greina

  1. indefinite genitive plural of grein

References

  1. ^ Zettersten, A., Mogensen, J. E. (2011). Symposium on Lexicography XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Lexicography May 2-4, 2002 at the University of Copenhagen. Germany: De Gruyter, p. 353

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “greina”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive