grincer

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French

Etymology

From earlier grigner, originally from Old High German grînan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡʁɛ̃.se/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

grincer

  1. to squeak (emit sound)
  2. to creak, rasp, squeal
  3. (of teeth) to gnash
  4. (of birds) to squawk
  5. (of a person) to grumble
    • 2024 July 8, François Tonneau, quoting Marine Le Pen, “L'Assemblée nationale à fronts renversés”, in La Provence, page 2:
      “Macron assume de paralyser les institutions”, grince Jordan Bardella.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.

Conjugation of grincer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple grincer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple grinçant
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle grincé
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grinces
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grinçons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ 		grincez
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/ 		grincent
/ɡʁɛ̃s/
imperfect grinçais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/ 		grinçais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/ 		grinçait
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/ 		grincions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ 		grinciez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sje/ 		grinçaient
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛ/
past historic2 grinçai
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/ 		grinças
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/ 		grinça
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/ 		grinçâmes
/ɡʁɛ̃.sam/ 		grinçâtes
/ɡʁɛ̃.sat/ 		grincèrent
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɛʁ/
future grincerai
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁe/ 		grinceras
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁa/ 		grincera
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁa/ 		grincerons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/ 		grincerez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁe/ 		grinceront
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/
conditional grincerais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ 		grincerais
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ 		grincerait
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ 		grincerions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		grinceriez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sə.ʁje/ 		grinceraient
/ɡʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grinces
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		grincions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ 		grinciez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sje/ 		grincent
/ɡʁɛ̃s/
imperfect2 grinçasse
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/ 		grinçasses
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/ 		grinçât
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa/ 		grinçassions
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/ 		grinçassiez
/ɡʁɛ̃.sa.sje/ 		grinçassent
/ɡʁɛ̃.sas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — grince
/ɡʁɛ̃s/ 		— grinçons
/ɡʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ 		grincez
/ɡʁɛ̃.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

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