gripper
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English
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
gripper (plural grippers)
- A person or thing that grips something.
- 1998, Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, page 1061:
- In a method for guiding a thread onto an empty reel after a first reel in a continuously operating spooler has become full, utilizing a moving finger on the spooler in cooperation with a gripper rotating with the empty reel […]
- A cover on the handle of a bicycle, tool, etc, that makes it easier to grip.
- (curling) A rubber or other material attached to a curling shoe to improve traction on the ice.
- (rail transport, slang) A ticket collector.
- (graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved.
- 2004, Micah Laaker, Christopher Schmitt, Adobe Photoshop CS in 10 Simple Steps or Less, page 43:
- To move the options bar from its default location at the top of the screen to a new location, click the gripper on the option bar's left edge and drag it to its new location.
- (slang) A foot.
Derived terms
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French *gripper, from Frankish *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreyb- (“to grab, grasp”). Doublet of griffer.
Pronunciation
Verb
gripper
Conjugation
Conjugation of gripper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | gripper | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | grippant /ɡʁi.pɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | grippé /ɡʁi.pe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grippe /ɡʁip/ |
grippes /ɡʁip/ |
grippe /ɡʁip/ |
grippons /ɡʁi.pɔ̃/ |
grippez /ɡʁi.pe/ |
grippent /ɡʁip/ |
| imperfect | grippais /ɡʁi.pɛ/ |
grippais /ɡʁi.pɛ/ |
grippait /ɡʁi.pɛ/ |
grippions /ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/ |
grippiez /ɡʁi.pje/ |
grippaient /ɡʁi.pɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | grippai /ɡʁi.pe/ |
grippas /ɡʁi.pa/ |
grippa /ɡʁi.pa/ |
grippâmes /ɡʁi.pam/ |
grippâtes /ɡʁi.pat/ |
grippèrent /ɡʁi.pɛʁ/ | |
| future | gripperai /ɡʁi.pʁe/ |
gripperas /ɡʁi.pʁa/ |
grippera /ɡʁi.pʁa/ |
gripperons /ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/ |
gripperez /ɡʁi.pʁe/ |
gripperont /ɡʁi.pʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gripperais /ɡʁi.pʁɛ/ |
gripperais /ɡʁi.pʁɛ/ |
gripperait /ɡʁi.pʁɛ/ |
gripperions /ɡʁi.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gripperiez /ɡʁi.pə.ʁje/ |
gripperaient /ɡʁi.pʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grippe /ɡʁip/ |
grippes /ɡʁip/ |
grippe /ɡʁip/ |
grippions /ɡʁi.pjɔ̃/ |
grippiez /ɡʁi.pje/ |
grippent /ɡʁip/ |
| imperfect2 | grippasse /ɡʁi.pas/ |
grippasses /ɡʁi.pas/ |
grippât /ɡʁi.pa/ |
grippassions /ɡʁi.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
grippassiez /ɡʁi.pa.sje/ |
grippassent /ɡʁi.pas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | grippe /ɡʁip/ |
— | grippons /ɡʁi.pɔ̃/ |
grippez /ɡʁi.pe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Spanish: gripar
Further reading
- “gripper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.