gun

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See also: Gun, gùn, guṅ, gün, Gün, gǔn, and -gun

English

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Wikipedia

Etymology 1

From Middle English gunne, gonne, from Lady Gunilda, a huge crossbow with a powerful shot, with the second part of the term being of Old Norse origin. It was later used to denote firearms. The name Gunnhildr and its multiple variations are derived from Old Norse gunnr (battle, war) + hildr (battle), which makes it a pleonasm. In the given context the woman's name means battle maid. See also Hilda, Gunilda, Gunhild, Gunhilda, Gunnhildr.

Pronunciation

Noun

gun (plural guns)

  1. A device for projecting a hard object very forcefully; a firearm or cannon.
    • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., , →OCLC:
      They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect.
    • 2018 February 23, Richard Ayoade, The Last Leg, Season 14, Episode 5:
      Well, I've always been progun, you know that. It's... yeah, I think adding more guns into a situation is obviously the way to prevent shooting. I think in a way, if we take the guns away, the shootings may escalate. And I think that's why he's so firm on literally arming everyone. I think if you don't have a gun in your hands... well, let's not find out what that world would be.
    Guns were considered improvements of crossbows and catapults.
    Looking for wild meat to fill his family's freezer for the winter, the young man quietly raised up his gun at the approaching deer.
    1. A very portable, short firearm, for hand use, which fires bullets or projectiles, such as a handgun, revolver, pistol, or Derringer.
    2. A less portable, long firearm that fires bullets or projectiles; a rifle, either manual, automatic or semi-automatic; a flintlock, musket or shotgun.
    3. (military) A cannon with relatively long barrel, operating with relatively low angle of fire, and having a high muzzle velocity.
    4. (military) A cannon with a 6-inch/155mm minimum nominal bore diameter and tube length 30 calibers or more. See also: howitzer; mortar.
    5. (figurative) A firearm or cannon used for saluting or signalling.21-gun salute
      • 1906, Stanley J[ohn] Weyman, chapter I, in Chippinge Borough, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co., →OCLC, page 01:
        It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. []. He halted opposite the Privy Gardens, and, with his face turned skywards, listened until the sound of the Tower guns smote again on the ear and dispelled his doubts.
  2. A device operated by a trigger and acting in a manner similar to a firearm.
    1. Any implement designed to fire a projectile from a tube.
      air-pressure pellet gun
      zipgun
    2. A device or tool that projects a substance.
    3. A device or tool that applies something rather than projecting it.
      a price-label gun
  3. (surfing) A long surfboard designed for surfing big waves (not the same as a longboard, a gun has a pointed nose and is generally a little narrower).
    • 2000, Drew Kampion, surfline.com
      by the winter of 1962, the Brewer Surfboards Hawaii gun was the most in-demand big-wave equipment on the North Shore.
  4. (cellular automata) A pattern that "fires" out other patterns.
    • 2000, Gary William Flake, The computational beauty of nature:
      The glider gun on the bottom of the NOT circuit emits a continuous stream of gliders, while the data stream source emits a glider only when there is a value of 1 in the stream [] .
    • 2007 February 23, Frank, “Life on the Edge”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):
      It would be especially interesting if someone can find an "airplane gun", which generates airplanes at regular intervals.
    • 2010, Andrew Adamatzky, Game of Life Cellular Automata, page 74:
      Greene's period-416 2c/5 spaceship gun
  5. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (colloquial, metonymically) A person who carries or uses a rifle, shotgun or handgun.
    Some said that the cowboy was the fastest gun in the West.
    • 2019 October 31, A. A. Dowd, “Martin Scorsese and Robert De Niro reunite for one last gripping crime epic, The Irishman”, in AV Club:
      De Niro plays Frank Sheeran, the real-life South Philly truck driver who moonlighted, over the second half of the 20th century, as a hired gun for the mafia.
  6. (television) An electron gun.
    • 2012, Brand Fortner, Theodore E. Meyer, Number by Colors, page 202:
      The problem is figuring out how to get the electrons from the red gun to hit only the red phosphors, the electrons from the blue gun to hit only the blue phosphors, and so on.
  7. (colloquial, usually in the plural) The biceps.
  8. (nautical, in the plural) Violent blasts of wind.
  9. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (colloquial) An expert.
  10. (Australia, slang) Someone excellent, surpassingly wonderful, or cool.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Sranan Tongo: gon
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

gun (third-person singular simple present guns, present participle gunning, simple past and past participle gunned)

  1. (transitive) To cause to speed up.
    He gunned the engine.
  2. (informal) To offer vigorous support to (a person or cause).
    We're all gunning for you.
  3. (informal) (gunning for something or gunning to do something) make a great effort.
    • 2023, George Ramsay, Amy Woodyatt, “‘Like a chairlift up Everest’: Once running’s supreme challenge, has the value of a four-minute mile diminished?”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), CNN:
      Australian John Landy, one of Bannister’s rivals also gunning to break the four-minute barrier, took more than a second off the Briton’s time in Turku, Finland, a few weeks later.
  4. To seek to attack someone; to take aim at someone; used with for.
    He's been gunning for you ever since you embarrassed him at the party.
  5. To practice fowling or hunting small game; chiefly in participial form: to go gunning.
  6. (transitive, intransitive, prison slang) To masturbate while observing and visible to a corrections officer.
    • 2004, Jens Soering, Yoga of Heart:
      In the cell diagonally across from mine, a prisoner regularly “gunned down” the nurse on her morning rounds. He deliberately masturbated so that she'd see him through the cell door window as he ejaculated.
    • 2010, BNA's Employment Discrimination Report:
      [] all inmates participated in such conduct, and [] "the inmates gunned only female staff, not the all-male security staff," he said.
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

Related to ganef.

Noun

gun (plural guns)

  1. (obsolete, slang) A magsman or street thief.
    • 1863, Blanchard Jerrold, Signals of Distress in Refuges and Homes of Charity (etc.), page 2:
      To discover [] how the honest poor are compelled to hob-and-nob with the “shoful pitcher” and the “gun,” it is necessary to visit the vast nursery-grounds of crime.
References
  • John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary

Etymology 3

From gunna, from gonna, from going to.

Verb

gun

  1. Nonstandard spelling of going to.
    I'm gun go get my coat from da closet.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 JP 1-02. Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, 8 November 2010 (As Amended Through 15 March 2012), p.142. (Searchable online version)

Anagrams

Bissa

Noun

gun

  1. night

Cornish

Noun

gun f (plural gonyow)

  1. plain

Dongxiang

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *gün, compare Mongolian гүн (gün).

Pronunciation

Adjective

gun

  1. deep

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

gun

  1. inflection of gunnen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Japanese

Romanization

gun

  1. Rōmaji transcription of ぐん

Jingpho

Etymology

Borrowed from Burmese ကုန် (kun).

Noun

gun

  1. goods for sale

References

  • Kurabe, Keita (2016-12-31), “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research, volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

Mandarin

Romanization

gun

  1. Nonstandard spelling of gǔn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of gùn.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manx

Noun

gun m (genitive singular gunney, plural gunnaghyn)

  1. Alternative form of gunn

Middle English

Noun

gun

  1. Alternative form of gunne

Northern Kurdish

Pronunciation

Noun

gun m

  1. testicle, ball, bollock, egg, nut, orchis, testis

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (before a broad consonant or a, o, u) /kən̪ˠ/, (before a slender consonant or e, i) /kəɲ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish co.

Alternative forms

Conjunction

gun

  1. that
    an t-amadan sin gun do thagh thuthat fool that you voted for
    am fear gum pòs aig deireadh na mìosathe man that will marry at the end of the month
    an taigh gu bheil aicethe house that she has

Etymology 2

From Old Irish cen.

Preposition

gun (+ nominative, triggers lenition except before d, t, n or s)

  1. without
    gun teagamhwithout a doubt
    gun chàrwithout a car
  2. used to negate a verbal noun
    thuirt mi ris gun a dhol a-machI told him not to go out
Synonyms

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

gun (triggers lenition)

  1. neither...nor
    • 1911 (Birlinn Limited), Edward Dwelly: The Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary:
      Duine gun mhath gun chron, is motha a chron na a mhath.A man that's neither good nor ill is more ill than good.

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

gùn

  1. to be long (usually along a horizontal axis)
Usage notes
  • gun before a direct object
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Possibly from Proto-Yoruboid *gwṵ̀ (to ascend) or Proto-Yoruboid *gũ̀, cognate with Igala gwú (to climb, to mate)

Pronunciation

Verb

gùn

  1. (intransitive) to climb, to ascend something
  2. to be climbed, to be mounted
  3. (intransitive, transitive) to ride or mount (someone or something)
    ó gun kẹ́tẹ́kẹ́tẹ́She mounted a donkey
  4. (idiomatic, intransitive) to copulate, to mate
    Synonym:
  5. (idiomatic) to be possessed; (in particular) to be possessed by the spirit of an orisha
    ó ń hùwà bí ẹni tí Ṣàngó ń gùnHe is behaving like someone that Sango is possessing
Usage notes
  • gun before a direct object
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Possibly from Proto-Yoruboid *gwṵ̀ (to sweat), cognate with Igala gwù (to sweat), see *(ò)úgwṵ̀ (sweat), úgwù (sweat), and òógùn (sweat, perspiration)

Pronunciation

Verb

gùn

  1. (intransitive) to sweat
    Synonym: làágùn
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Verb

gun

  1. to be angular in shape, to form an angle
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Cognates with Itsekiri gún

Pronunciation

Verb

gún

  1. to pound
    Jùmọ̀kẹ́ ò kí ń gún iyán dáadáa, ẹ̀bà nìkan ló lè tẹ̀.Jumoke doesn't pound yam well, she can only make eba.
Derived terms

Etymology 6

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

gún

  1. to pierce; to jab; to penetrate; to stab
    Dókítà gún mi lábẹ́rẹ́.The doctor injected me with a needle.
    Igi gogoro máà gún mi lójú; àtòkèèrè la ti ń wò óSo that we may not be poked in the eye by the tall, pointed tree, one must watch it from afar.
Derived terms

Etymology 7

Pronunciation

Verb

gún

  1. to be straight; to straighten
  2. to be well arranged; to be in order
    Àárín tọkọtaya gún régé.There is peace between the couple. (literally, “Between the couple is in proper alignment.”)
  3. to shrug one's shoulders
    Mo gún èjìká.I shrugged my shoulders.

Etymology 8

Pronunciation

Verb

gún

  1. to curse
    Synonym: gégùn-ún
Derived terms