hajduk

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Hajduk

Wikipedia

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Hajduk (soldiers)

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Hungarian hajdúk, plural of hajdú (“foot-soldier”). The Hungarian word may derive from hajtó which meant “(cattle) drover”. In 16th century Hungary, cattle driving was an important and dangerous occupation and drovers traveled armed. Some of them ended up as bandits or retainers in the service of local landowners and many may have become soldiers. In any case, the term hajduk came to be used in the 16th century to describe irregular soldiers. There is probably an etymological link between hajdú and the Turkish word haydut which was used by the Ottomans to describe Hungarian infantry soldiers and has the sense 'outlaw, robber' in modern Turkish usage, though it is not clear whether the word travelled from Hungarian to Turkish or vice versa.

Noun

hajduk (plural hajduks)

1. (historical) An outlaw, highwayman, or freedom fighter in the Balkans.
2. (archaic) A mercenary foot soldier in Hungary.
3. (historical) A halberdier of a Hungarian noble.
4. (historical) An attendant in German or Hungarian courts.

Alternative forms

A large number of forms are attested, many influenced by the spellings which languages other than Hungarian used. The three most common forms are hayduk, hajduk and haiduk. In order from (roughly) most common to least common, other attested forms include:

Translations

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

hajduk

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian hajdúk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxaj.duk/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ajduk
• Syllabification: haj‧duk

Noun

hajduk m pers (diminutive hajduczek)

1. (historical) hajduk (outlaw, highwayman or freedom fighter in the Balkans)
2. (historical) hajduk (mercenary foot soldier in Hungary)
3. (historical) hajduk (attendant in German or Hungarian courts)

Declension

Noun

hajduk m inan

1. hajdútánc (traditional Hungarian male dance, akin to war dances)

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• hajduk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• hajduk in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Hungarian hajdú.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xǎjduːk/
• Hyphenation: haj‧duk

Noun

hàjdūk m (Cyrillic spelling ха̀јдӯк)

1. brigand, outlaw
2. hajduk

Declension

Slovak

Alternative forms

• hajdúch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

hajduk m anim

1. hajduk

Further reading

• “hajduk”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024