From Proto-Ugric *kajɜ- (“to bend, stoop”)[1] + -t (causative suffix).[2]
hajt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtok | hajtasz | hajt | hajtunk | hajtotok | hajtanak | |
Def. | hajtom | hajtod | hajtja | hajtjuk | hajtjátok | hajtják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajtottam | hajtottál | hajtott | hajtottunk | hajtottatok | hajtottak | ||
Def. | hajtottam | hajtottad | hajtotta | hajtottuk | hajtottátok | hajtották | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hajtani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajték | hajtál | hajta | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajtának | ||
Def. | hajtám | hajtád | hajtá | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hajt vala, hajtott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajtandok | hajtandasz | hajtand | hajtandunk | hajtandotok | hajtandanak | ||
Def. | hajtandom | hajtandod | hajtandja | hajtandjuk | hajtandjátok | hajtandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtanék | hajtanál | hajtana | hajtanánk | hajtanátok | hajtanának | |
Def. | hajtanám | hajtanád | hajtaná | hajtanánk (or hajtanók) |
hajtanátok | hajtanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajtott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtsak | hajts or hajtsál |
hajtson | hajtsunk | hajtsatok | hajtsanak | |
Def. | hajtsam | hajtsd or hajtsad |
hajtsa | hajtsuk | hajtsátok | hajtsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajtott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | hajtani | hajtanom | hajtanod | hajtania | hajtanunk | hajtanotok | hajtaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
hajtás | hajtó | hajtott | hajtandó | hajtva (hajtván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatok | hajthatsz | hajthat | hajthatunk | hajthattok | hajthatnak | |
Def. | hajthatom | hajthatod | hajthatja | hajthatjuk | hajthatjátok | hajthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajthattam | hajthattál | hajthatott | hajthattunk | hajthattatok | hajthattak | ||
Def. | hajthattam | hajthattad | hajthatta | hajthattuk | hajthattátok | hajthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajthaték | hajthatál | hajthata | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthatának | ||
Def. | hajthatám | hajthatád | hajthatá | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hajthat vala, hajthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajthatandok or hajtandhatok |
hajthatandasz or hajtandhatsz |
hajthatand or hajtandhat |
hajthatandunk or hajtandhatunk |
hajthatandotok or hajtandhattok |
hajthatandanak or hajtandhatnak | ||
Def. | hajthatandom or hajtandhatom |
hajthatandod or hajtandhatod |
hajthatandja or hajtandhatja |
hajthatandjuk or hajtandhatjuk |
hajthatandjátok or hajtandhatjátok |
hajthatandják or hajtandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatandalak or hajtandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatnék | hajthatnál | hajthatna | hajthatnánk | hajthatnátok | hajthatnának | |
Def. | hajthatnám | hajthatnád | hajthatná | hajthatnánk (or hajthatnók) |
hajthatnátok | hajthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthassak | hajthass or hajthassál |
hajthasson | hajthassunk | hajthassatok | hajthassanak | |
Def. | hajthassam | hajthasd or hajthassad |
hajthassa | hajthassuk | hajthassátok | hajthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (hajthatni) | (hajthatnom) | (hajthatnod) | (hajthatnia) | (hajthatnunk) | (hajthatnotok) | (hajthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | hajtható | Neg. adj. | hajthatatlan | Adv. part. | (hajthatva / hajthatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):
Of debated origin: [2]
hajt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtok | hajtasz | hajt | hajtunk | hajtotok | hajtanak | |
Def. | hajtom | hajtod | hajtja | hajtjuk | hajtjátok | hajtják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajtottam | hajtottál | hajtott | hajtottunk | hajtottatok | hajtottak | ||
Def. | hajtottam | hajtottad | hajtotta | hajtottuk | hajtottátok | hajtották | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hajtani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajték | hajtál | hajta | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajtának | ||
Def. | hajtám | hajtád | hajtá | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hajt vala, hajtott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajtandok | hajtandasz | hajtand | hajtandunk | hajtandotok | hajtandanak | ||
Def. | hajtandom | hajtandod | hajtandja | hajtandjuk | hajtandjátok | hajtandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtanék | hajtanál | hajtana | hajtanánk | hajtanátok | hajtanának | |
Def. | hajtanám | hajtanád | hajtaná | hajtanánk (or hajtanók) |
hajtanátok | hajtanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajtott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtsak | hajts or hajtsál |
hajtson | hajtsunk | hajtsatok | hajtsanak | |
Def. | hajtsam | hajtsd or hajtsad |
hajtsa | hajtsuk | hajtsátok | hajtsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajtott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | hajtani | hajtanom | hajtanod | hajtania | hajtanunk | hajtanotok | hajtaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
hajtás | hajtó | hajtott | hajtandó | hajtva (hajtván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatok | hajthatsz | hajthat | hajthatunk | hajthattok | hajthatnak | |
Def. | hajthatom | hajthatod | hajthatja | hajthatjuk | hajthatjátok | hajthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajthattam | hajthattál | hajthatott | hajthattunk | hajthattatok | hajthattak | ||
Def. | hajthattam | hajthattad | hajthatta | hajthattuk | hajthattátok | hajthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajthaték | hajthatál | hajthata | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthatának | ||
Def. | hajthatám | hajthatád | hajthatá | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hajthat vala, hajthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajthatandok or hajtandhatok |
hajthatandasz or hajtandhatsz |
hajthatand or hajtandhat |
hajthatandunk or hajtandhatunk |
hajthatandotok or hajtandhattok |
hajthatandanak or hajtandhatnak | ||
Def. | hajthatandom or hajtandhatom |
hajthatandod or hajtandhatod |
hajthatandja or hajtandhatja |
hajthatandjuk or hajtandhatjuk |
hajthatandjátok or hajtandhatjátok |
hajthatandják or hajtandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatandalak or hajtandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatnék | hajthatnál | hajthatna | hajthatnánk | hajthatnátok | hajthatnának | |
Def. | hajthatnám | hajthatnád | hajthatná | hajthatnánk (or hajthatnók) |
hajthatnátok | hajthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthassak | hajthass or hajthassál |
hajthasson | hajthassunk | hajthassatok | hajthassanak | |
Def. | hajthassam | hajthasd or hajthassad |
hajthassa | hajthassuk | hajthassátok | hajthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (hajthatni) | (hajthatnom) | (hajthatnod) | (hajthatnia) | (hajthatnunk) | (hajthatnotok) | (hajthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | hajtható | Neg. adj. | hajthatatlan | Adv. part. | (hajthatva / hajthatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):
By semantic split from hajt (“to drive”). For a similar semantic change, compare German treiben (“to drive; to sprout”).[4]
hajt
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtok | hajtasz | hajt | hajtunk | hajtotok | hajtanak | |
Def. | hajtom | hajtod | hajtja | hajtjuk | hajtjátok | hajtják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajtottam | hajtottál | hajtott | hajtottunk | hajtottatok | hajtottak | ||
Def. | hajtottam | hajtottad | hajtotta | hajtottuk | hajtottátok | hajtották | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hajtani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajték | hajtál | hajta | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajtának | ||
Def. | hajtám | hajtád | hajtá | hajtánk | hajtátok | hajták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hajt vala, hajtott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajtandok | hajtandasz | hajtand | hajtandunk | hajtandotok | hajtandanak | ||
Def. | hajtandom | hajtandod | hajtandja | hajtandjuk | hajtandjátok | hajtandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtanék | hajtanál | hajtana | hajtanánk | hajtanátok | hajtanának | |
Def. | hajtanám | hajtanád | hajtaná | hajtanánk (or hajtanók) |
hajtanátok | hajtanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajtott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajtsak | hajts or hajtsál |
hajtson | hajtsunk | hajtsatok | hajtsanak | |
Def. | hajtsam | hajtsd or hajtsad |
hajtsa | hajtsuk | hajtsátok | hajtsák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajtsalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajtott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | hajtani | hajtanom | hajtanod | hajtania | hajtanunk | hajtanotok | hajtaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
hajtás | hajtó | hajtott | hajtandó | hajtva (hajtván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatok | hajthatsz | hajthat | hajthatunk | hajthattok | hajthatnak | |
Def. | hajthatom | hajthatod | hajthatja | hajthatjuk | hajthatjátok | hajthatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | hajthattam | hajthattál | hajthatott | hajthattunk | hajthattatok | hajthattak | ||
Def. | hajthattam | hajthattad | hajthatta | hajthattuk | hajthattátok | hajthatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | hajthaték | hajthatál | hajthata | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthatának | ||
Def. | hajthatám | hajthatád | hajthatá | hajthatánk | hajthatátok | hajthaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hajthat vala, hajthatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | hajthatandok or hajtandhatok |
hajthatandasz or hajtandhatsz |
hajthatand or hajtandhat |
hajthatandunk or hajtandhatunk |
hajthatandotok or hajtandhattok |
hajthatandanak or hajtandhatnak | ||
Def. | hajthatandom or hajtandhatom |
hajthatandod or hajtandhatod |
hajthatandja or hajtandhatja |
hajthatandjuk or hajtandhatjuk |
hajthatandjátok or hajtandhatjátok |
hajthatandják or hajtandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatandalak or hajtandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthatnék | hajthatnál | hajthatna | hajthatnánk | hajthatnátok | hajthatnának | |
Def. | hajthatnám | hajthatnád | hajthatná | hajthatnánk (or hajthatnók) |
hajthatnátok | hajthatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hajthatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | hajthassak | hajthass or hajthassál |
hajthasson | hajthassunk | hajthassatok | hajthassanak | |
Def. | hajthassam | hajthasd or hajthassad |
hajthassa | hajthassuk | hajthassátok | hajthassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | hajthassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hajthatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (hajthatni) | (hajthatnom) | (hajthatnod) | (hajthatnia) | (hajthatnunk) | (hajthatnotok) | (hajthatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | hajtható | Neg. adj. | hajthatatlan | Adv. part. | (hajthatva / hajthatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):