halo orbit

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English

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Etymology

First used by NASA mission specialist Robert W. Farquhar in 1966 for calculated orbits around the Earth-Moon L2 point which required the use of thrusters to be made periodic.

Noun

halo orbit (plural halo orbits)

  1. (orbital mechanics) A periodic, three-dimensional orbit about any one of the Lagrange points L1, L2 or L3 of a two-body gravitational system.
    • 2001, G. Gómez, À. Jorba, J. Masdemont, C.Simó, Dynamics and Mission Design Near Libration Points, Volume III, World Scientific, page 93:
      Due to the strong hyperbolic character of the halo orbits, the stable manifold approaches the halo orbit in a very fast way. This fact means that if we are able to put the satellite in the stable manifold of a halo orbit, it will be close to the halo orbit (say at [a] few km) in a reasonable period of time.
    • 2013, Yuhui Zhao, Shoucun Hu, Xiyun Hou, Lin Liu, Chapter 39: On Nominal Formation Flying Orbit with a Small Solar System Body, Rongjun Shen, Weiping Qian (editors), Proceedings of the 26th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China, Tsinghua University Press, Springer, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 187, page 395,
      If the ratio of the amplitude in x-direction to keeps unchanged (=0.155), the periods of halo orbits are almost the same (about 190 days). As a result of the stability of CRTBP and the dynamics of halo orbit formation, nominal halo orbits do not exist if the ratio is too large or too small.
    • 2013, Daniel García Yárnoz, Joan-Pau Sanchez, Colin R. McInnes, “Chapter 21: Opportunities for Asteroid Retrieval Missions”, in Viorel Badescu, editor, Asteroids: Prospective Energy and Material Resources, Springer, page 486:
      Thus, the minimum possible size for halo orbits in the Sun-Earth system is approximately (240 x 660) 103 km at L1 and (250 x 675) 103 km at L2, sizes denoting the maximum excursion from the libration point in the x and y directions respectively.

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