handhaven

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hanthaven, from Middle High German hanthaben, itself a calque from Old French maintenir, from Vulgar Latin manūteneō. Likely based also on Middle Dutch handhave (“handle”). Cognate with German handhaben.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɦɑntˌɦaː.və(n)/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: hand‧ha‧ven

Verb

handhaven

  1. (transitive) to enforce, to maintain, to uphold
  2. (transitive) to persevere with, to persist with/in
  3. (reflexive) to remain in charge, to remain in place

Inflection

Inflection of handhaven (weak)
infinitive handhaven
past singular handhaafde
past participle gehandhaafd
infinitive handhaven
gerund handhaven n
present tense past tense
1st person singular handhaaf handhaafde
2nd person sing. (jij) handhaaft handhaafde
2nd person sing. (u) handhaaft handhaafde
2nd person sing. (gij) handhaaft handhaafde
3rd person singular handhaaft handhaafde
plural handhaven handhaafden
subjunctive sing.1 handhave handhaafde
subjunctive plur.1 handhaven handhaafden
imperative sing. handhaaf
imperative plur.1 handhaaft
participles handhavend gehandhaafd
1) Archaic.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: handhaaf
  • → Indonesian: penegakan (semantic loan)
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