hangen

Dutch

Etymology

From a merger of two distinct verbs:

• Middle Dutch haen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną (transitive, strong class 7).
• Middle Dutch hangen, from Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną (intransitive, weak class 3).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɦɑŋə(n)/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: han‧gen
• Rhymes: -ɑŋən

Verb

hangen

1. (intransitive) to hang

   Het schilderij hangt aan de muur.

   The painting hangs on the wall.

2. (transitive) to hang

   Hij hangt het schilderij aan de muur.

   He hangs the painting on the wall.

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hang
• Berbice Creole Dutch: hanggi
• Negerhollands: hang, haṅ
• → Sranan Tongo: anga

Finnish

Noun

hangen

1. genitive singular of hanki

German

Etymology

From Middle High German hangen, from Old High German hangen, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haŋən/
• Rhymes: -aŋn̩
• Hyphenation: han‧gen

Verb

hangen

1. (archaic except Switzerland or Southern Germany, intransitive, transitive) Alternative form of hängen (“to hang”)
   • 1843, Brothers Grimm, “Die Gänsemagd”, in Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 2‎, 5th edition, page 18:

     „o du Falada, da du hangest,“
     da antwortete der Kopf
     „o du Jungfer Königin, da du gangest,
     wenn das deine Mutter wüßte,
     ihr Herz thät ihr zerspringen.“

     "Falada, Falada, there thou art hanging!"
     and the head answered,
     "Bride, bride, there thou art ganging!
     Alas! alas! if thy mother knew it,
     Sadly, sadly her heart would rue it."

   • 1902, Gustav Falke, “Die Schnitterin”, in Hohe Sommertage‎:

     War einst ein Knecht, einer Witwe Sohn, —
     Der hatte sich schwer vergangen.
     Da sprach sein Herr: Du bekommst deinen Lohn,
     Morgen musst du hangen.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• Hangen und Bangen (“fear and trembling”)

Further reading

• “hangen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “hangen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “hangen” in Duden online
• “hangen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon hāhan. See also hängen.

Verb

hangen (third-person singular simple present hangt, past tense hung, past participle hungen or hangen, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. (intransitive) to hang; to be suspended

   An wat hangen.

   To hang from something.

2. (intransitive) to stick; to cling
3. (intransitive, figuratively, with an) to be fond of, to feel strongly about

   Bochum ik hang an di.

   Bochum, I'm fond of you.

   # (transitive) to hang

4. (transitive) to hang (something); to suspend (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)
5. (transitive) to hang (someone), e.g. for a crime (hängen is usually preferred in this sense)

Usage notes

Hangen has a doublet with nearly the same meaning and usage, hängen. However, hangen is usually preferred in its intransitive meaning, while hängen is more commonly used as a transitive verb.

The weak past participle hangt is sometimes found instead of the more common forms hungen and hangen.

Conjugation

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From a merger of two distinct verbs:

• Earlier hâen, from Old Dutch hān, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han (transitive, strong class 7).
• From Old Dutch hangon, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn (intransitive, weak class 3).

Verb

hangen

1. to hang (up)
2. to hang, to be hanging
3. to hang (on gallows)
4. to be hanged (on gallows)

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• hâen

Descendants

• Dutch: hangen
  • Afrikaans: hang
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: hanggi
  • Negerhollands: hang, haṅ
  • → Sranan Tongo: anga
• Limburgish: hange

Further reading

• “hanghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hangen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “haen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page haen

Middle English

Alternative forms

• hongen

Etymology

Originally two distinct verbs:

• Old English hangian, from Proto-West Germanic *hangēn, from Proto-Germanic *hangāną.
• Old English hōn, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄han, from Proto-Germanic *hanhaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhanɡən/, /ˈhaːnɡən/, /ˈhɔnɡən/, /ˈhɔːnɡən/

Verb

hangen

1. to hang

Conjugation

Descendants

• English: hang
• Yola: ung (preterite)

References

• “hō̆ngen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hangēn.

Verb

hangēn

1. (intransitive) to hang
2. (transitive) to hang

Conjugation

Descendants

• Middle High German: hangen
  • German: hängen (merger with hāhen and hengen)
  • Switzerland German: hangen
  • >? Cimbrian: hangan

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈhaŋan/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈhaŋɛn/

Noun

hangen

1. h-prothesized form of angen

Mutation