heben (uncountable)
From Middle High German heben, heven (rarer heffen), from Old High German heffen, heven, from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan. Compare Dutch heffen, English heave, Danish hæve. Doublet of hieven and kapieren.
The -b- is regular in the past tense and participle. In Middle High German the paradigm was regularised by spreading -b- to the present tense; reinforced in East Central German by the local shift -v- → -b- (as in Oben for Ofen). The fricative is preserved in related Hefe (“yeast”). The original past forms hub, gehaben were retained until Early Modern German. The verb was then shifted to the class of fliegen etc. (Compare Dutch heffen, which was also shifted, though to a different ablaut class.)
heben (class 6 strong, third-person singular present hebt, past tense hob or (archaic) hub, past participle gehoben, past subjunctive höbe or (archaic) hübe, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | heben | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | hebend | ||||
| past participle | gehoben | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich hebe | wir heben | i | ich hebe | wir heben |
| du hebst | ihr hebt | du hebest | ihr hebet | ||
| er hebt | sie heben | er hebe | sie heben | ||
| preterite | ich hob ich hub1 |
wir hoben wir huben1 |
ii | ich höbe2 ich hübe1,2 |
wir höben2 wir hüben1,2 |
| du hobst du hubst1 |
ihr hobt ihr hubt1 |
du höbest2 du höbst2 du hübest1,2 du hübst1,2 |
ihr höbet2 ihr höbt2 ihr hübet1,2 ihr hübt1,2 | ||
| er hob er hub1 |
sie hoben sie huben1 |
er höbe2 er hübe1,2 |
sie höben2 sie hüben1,2 | ||
| imperative | heb (du) hebe (du) |
hebt (ihr) | |||
1Archaic.
2Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
heben m