hesternus

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *hesternos, from earlier *xesternos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros (*xesternos is the reflex generated from the apheresis of dʰ- in the initial consonant cluster *dʰǵʰ-, otherwise it is *θesternos but the regular development is x > h). Equivalent to herī +‎ -ter +‎ -nus. Cognate with English yester- (cf. yesterday), German gestern (cf. Gestern) and Dutch gisteren.

Pronunciation

Adjective

hesternus (feminine hesterna, neuter hesternum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. yesterday's

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hesternus hesterna hesternum hesternī hesternae hesterna
Genitive hesternī hesternae hesternī hesternōrum hesternārum hesternōrum
Dative hesternō hesternō hesternīs
Accusative hesternum hesternam hesternum hesternōs hesternās hesterna
Ablative hesternō hesternā hesternō hesternīs
Vocative hesterne hesterna hesternum hesternī hesternae hesterna

Descendants

  • Neapolitan: jesterza
  • Portuguese: hesterno
  • Spanish: hesterno

References

  • “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • hesternus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • hesternus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • yesterday, to-day, tomorrow: dies hesternus, hodiernus, crastinus
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