hoppo

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See also: hoppō

English

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Wikipedia
A View of the European Factories at Canton, late 18th cent.

Alternative forms

Etymology

Uncertain, although probably an irregular romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 戶部 / 户部 (Hùbù), the imperial government's Board of Revenue which oversaw customs and other taxation during the Qing Dynasty. In reference to its agents, a clipping of earlier hoppo-man.

Pronunciation

Noun

hoppo (countable and uncountable, plural hoppos or hoppoes)

  1. (historical, archaic, sometimes capitalized) The imperial Chinese board of revenue, especially its branch in Guangzhou during the Qing Dynasty.
    • c. 1808, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, page 108:
      On the way two Chinese buildings were pointed out to us as hoppo, of custom-houses, at both which all boats […] are obliged to stop and undergo a strict search or examination by a petty mandarin.
    • 1836, Anders Ljungstedt, An Historical Sketch of the Portuguese Settlements in China..., page 86:
      Hoppo. This is a tribunal, that has in charge the collecting of imperial dues on navigation and trade, and remitting the amount to the Grand-hoppo at Canton...
  2. (historical, archaic) An imperial Chinese customs officer, especially (sometimes capitalized) the chief customs officer for the South China Sea based in Guangzhou during the Qing Dynasty.
    • 1711, Charles Lockyer, An Account of the Trade in India..., page 101:
      The Hoppos, who look on Europe Ships as a great branch of their Profits, will give you all the fair Words imaginable.
    • 1814, James Wathen, Journal of a Voyage in 1811 and 1812 to Madras and China..., page xvi:
      ...received a most polite invitation from the late Mr. William Parry, a supercargo, to meet the Hoppo (or principal custom-house officer)...
    • 1836, Anders Ljungstedt, An Historical Sketch of the Portuguese Settlements in China..., pages 86–90:
      Hoppo. This is a tribunal, that has in charge the collecting of imperial dues on navigation and trade, and remitting the amount to the Grand-hoppo at Canton... at Macao, the Portuguese designate him by the epithet Grand-hoppo, in contradistinction to another... he Hoppo of Macao... levies on foreigners, coming and going, an arbitrary tax on their persons and baggage. He is assisted by compradors, pilots and others...
    • 1882, William C. Hunter, The ‘Fan Kwae’ at Canton before Treaty Days..., page 36:
      The ‘Hoppo’ (as he was incorrectly styled) filled an office especially created for the foreign trade at Canton... The Board of Revenue is in Chinese ‘Hoo-poo’, and the office was locally misapplied to the officer in question.

Translations

References

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