horfa

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See also: hörfa

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse horfa (“to turn toward, face”), from Proto-Germanic *hwurbōną (“to turn, veer”).

Pronunciation

Noun

horfa f (genitive singular horfu, nominative plural horfur)

  1. look, aspect
  2. (in the plural) outlook
    Horfurnar eru góðar.
    The outlook is good.
    Horfurnar eru slæmar.
    The outlook is bad.

Declension

    Declension of horfa
f-w1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative horfa horfan horfur horfurnar
accusative horfu horfuna horfur horfurnar
dative horfu horfunni horfum horfunum
genitive horfu horfunnar horfa horfanna

Verb

horfa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative horfði, supine horft)

  1. (personal) to look, to watch
    Á hvað ertu að horfa?
    What are you watching?
  2. (personal) to face
    Veggurinn horfir í austur.
    The wall faces east.
  3. (impersonal)
    Það horfir til vandræða.
    It looks serious.

Usage notes

  • In the sense of looking the preposition á ("on") is used.
    Ég horfði á sjónvarpið.
    I watched the television.

Conjugation

horfa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að horfa
supine
(sagnbót) 		horft
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		horfandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég horfi við horfum present
(nútíð) 		ég horfi við horfum
þú horfir þið horfið þú horfir þið horfið
hann, hún, það horfir þeir, þær, þau horfa hann, hún, það horfi þeir, þær, þau horfi
past
(þátíð) 		ég horfði við horfðum past
(þátíð) 		ég horfði við horfðum
þú horfðir þið horfðuð þú horfðir þið horfðuð
hann, hún, það horfði þeir, þær, þau horfðu hann, hún, það horfði þeir, þær, þau horfðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		horf (þú) horfið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
horfðu horfiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
horfast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að horfast
supine
(sagnbót) 		horfst
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		horfandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég horfist við horfumst present
(nútíð) 		ég horfist við horfumst
þú horfist þið horfist þú horfist þið horfist
hann, hún, það horfist þeir, þær, þau horfast hann, hún, það horfist þeir, þær, þau horfist
past
(þátíð) 		ég horfðist við horfðumst past
(þátíð) 		ég horfðist við horfðumst
þú horfðist þið horfðust þú horfðist þið horfðust
hann, hún, það horfðist þeir, þær, þau horfðust hann, hún, það horfðist þeir, þær, þau horfðust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		horfst (þú) horfist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
horfstu horfisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hwurbōną (“to turn, veer”).

Verb

horfa (singular past indicative horfði, plural past indicative horfðu, past participle horft)

  1. to turn (be turned) in a certain direction
    horfði upp eggin
    the edge turned upwards
    suðr horfðu dyrr
    the door looked south
  2. to look in a certain way; to have a certain appearance

Conjugation

Conjugation of horfa — active (weak class 3)
infinitive horfa
present participle horfandi
past participle horfr
indicative present past
1st-person singular horfi horfða
2nd-person singular horfir horfðir
3rd-person singular horfir horfði
1st-person plural horfum horfðum
2nd-person plural horfið horfðuð
3rd-person plural horfa horfðu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular horfa hørfða
2nd-person singular horfir hørfðir
3rd-person singular horfi hørfði
1st-person plural horfim hørfðim
2nd-person plural horfið hørfðið
3rd-person plural horfi hørfði
imperative present
2nd-person singular horf
1st-person plural horfum
2nd-person plural horfið
Conjugation of horfa — mediopassive (weak class 3)
infinitive horfask
present participle horfandisk
past participle horfzk
indicative present past
1st-person singular horfumk horfðumk
2nd-person singular horfisk horfðisk
3rd-person singular horfisk horfðisk
1st-person plural horfumsk horfðumsk
2nd-person plural horfizk horfðuzk
3rd-person plural horfask horfðusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular horfumk hørfðumk
2nd-person singular horfisk hørfðisk
3rd-person singular horfisk hørfðisk
1st-person plural horfimsk hørfðimsk
2nd-person plural horfizk hørfðizk
3rd-person plural horfisk hørfðisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular horfsk
1st-person plural horfumsk
2nd-person plural horfizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: horfa
  • Faroese: horva

References

  • “horfa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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