hun
hun (plural huns)
Short for Hungarian partridge.
hun (plural huns)
hun (plural huns)
From Middle High German hunt, from Old High German hunt, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz. Cognate with German Hund, Dutch hond, English hound, Icelandic hundur.
hun m
hun ?
Learned borrowing from Late Latin Hunni.
hun m (plural huns, feminine huna)
From Old Norse hón (“she”), from Proto-Norse *ᚺᚨᚾᚢ (*hanu), the feminine form, with u-umlaut, of *ᚺᚨᚾᚨᛉ (*hanaʀ) (= Danish han (“he”), Old Norse hann).
hun (objective case hende, possessive hendes)
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
hun c (singular definite hunnen, plural indefinite hunner)
hun (personal)
The difference between hen (as direct object) and hun (as indirect object) does not stem from actual language usage, but was created artificially by the prescriptive grammarian Christiaen van Heule in the 17th century in an attempt to differentiate between the accusative (direct object) and dative case (indirect object), a distinction that was then commonly made in the definite article and certain pronouns, but not the personal pronouns.
In practice, hen and hun have been used interchangeably in Modern Dutch since the language has lost its grammatical case system. Many native speakers are not aware or have trouble remembering when to use one over the other, in part because of the rule's artificiality, in part because the distinction in form between the accusative and dative case has not been preserved anywhere else in the language. As a consequence, it is common to hear sentences where they are used in the exactly opposite way from van Heule's rule; for example:
When the pronoun is unstressed, the problem can be circumvented by using the reduced form ze:
For more information, see the article in the Dutch Wikipedia.
hun (personal) (dependent possessive) (independent possessive hunne)
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). |
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Likely a replacement of or based on dialectal Dutch hullie or a variant thereof, which is a contraction of hunlieden or hunlui, a compound of hun ("them") + lieden or lui (both meaning "men, people"), which then translates roughly into "them-people". Possibly reinfluenced by or confused with the possessive hun. This etymology explains why usage of hun occurs only when referring to people, never to objects. It's similar to dialectal zun often used colloquially in the Belgian province of Antwerp, which is a contraction of ze ("they") + hun ("them"), and which is also only used for people. Also compare Afrikaans hulle, which also stems from hunlui, but is now used also for things. For more information, see the article in the Dutch Wikipedia.
hun (personal)
For pronunciation and definitions of hun – see 分 (“to divide; to separate; to distribute; to allocate; to assign; to allot; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 分). |
hun (not comparable)
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | hun | hunok |
accusative | hunt | hunokat |
dative | hunnak | hunoknak |
instrumental | hunnal | hunokkal |
causal-final | hunért | hunokért |
translative | hunná | hunokká |
terminative | hunig | hunokig |
essive-formal | hunként | hunokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | hunban | hunokban |
superessive | hunon | hunokon |
adessive | hunnál | hunoknál |
illative | hunba | hunokba |
sublative | hunra | hunokra |
allative | hunhoz | hunokhoz |
elative | hunból | hunokból |
delative | hunról | hunokról |
ablative | huntól | hunoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
huné | hunoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
hunéi | hunokéi |
hun (plural hunok)
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | hun | hunok |
accusative | hunt | hunokat |
dative | hunnak | hunoknak |
instrumental | hunnal | hunokkal |
causal-final | hunért | hunokért |
translative | hunná | hunokká |
terminative | hunig | hunokig |
essive-formal | hunként | hunokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | hunban | hunokban |
superessive | hunon | hunokon |
adessive | hunnál | hunoknál |
illative | hunba | hunokba |
sublative | hunra | hunokra |
allative | hunhoz | hunokhoz |
elative | hunból | hunokból |
delative | hunról | hunokról |
ablative | huntól | hunoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
huné | hunoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
hunéi | hunokéi |
Possessive forms of hun | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | hunom | hunjaim |
2nd person sing. | hunod | hunjaid |
3rd person sing. | hunja | hunjai |
1st person plural | hununk | hunjaink |
2nd person plural | hunotok | hunjaitok |
3rd person plural | hunjuk | hunjaik |
From hol.
hun
hun
Compare Tolai vudu and Patpatar hudu.
hun
hun (plural hun-hun, informal 1st possessive hunku, 2nd possessive hunmu, 3rd possessive hunnya)
hun
hun
hun
From Old Frisian hond. Cognates include Mooring North Frisian hönj and West Frisian hân.
hun f (plural hunen)
From Danish hun, from Old Norse hón.
hun (accusative henne, genitive hennes)
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
Second | general | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
formal (rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | |||||
feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
masculine (noun) | ||||||||
neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
Second | general | dere | deres | |||||
formal (very rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |
From Old Norse húnn (“a die”).
hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural huner, definite plural hunene)
From Old Norse húnn (“bear cub”), from Proto-Germanic *hūnaz.
hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)
hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)
From Old Norse húnar, húnir pl.
hun m (definite singular hunen, indefinite plural hunar, definite plural hunane)
hun
hun
Borrowed from French Huns, from Latin Hunni.
hun m (plural huni)
From *pun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqun, compare Malay pohon.
hun
Typical Central and Southern Vietnamese retention of medial *u, which often developed into ‹ô› (or ‹o›) in Northern dialects; later strengthened with the use of "slang" to avoid awkward situations. Compare rún vs. rốn, thúi vs. thối.
Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 熏 (SV: huân).
Lexicalised h-prothesised form of un.
hun
hun
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
un | unchanged | unchanged | hun |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
From Proto-Brythonic *hʉn, from Proto-Celtic *sounos, from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos (“sleep”).
hun f (plural hunau, not mutable)
hùn
From Proto-Mayan *juun.
hun