iaigh

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Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish íadaid,[2] from Proto-Celtic *eɸidāti, a prefixed derivative of *dāti (“to give”).[3][4] Cognate with Scottish Gaelic iadh.

Verb

iaigh (present analytic iann, future analytic iafaidh, verbal noun iamh, past participle iata)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to close, shut
    Synonym: dún
    Bhí na súile ag iamh orm.
    I could not keep my eyes open.
    (literally, “The eyes were closing on me.”)
  2. (transitive) to enclose, encompass
  3. (transitive, intransitive) to block up, close up, dam
  4. (transitive, intransitive) to join
  5. (transitive) to clench (close tightly) (one's fist)

Conjugation

conjugation of iaigh (first conjugation – C)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present iaim iann tú;
iair† 		iann sé, sí iaimid iann sibh iann siad;
iaid† 		a iann; a ias /
a n-iann*; a n-ias* 		iaitear
past d'iaigh mé; d'ias /
iaigh mé‡; ias‡ 		d'iaigh tú;
d'iais /
iaigh tú‡;
iais‡ 		d'iaigh sé, sí /
iaigh sé, sí‡ 		d'iamar; d'iaigh muid /
iamar‡; iaigh muid‡ 		d'iaigh sibh; d'iabhair /
iaigh sibh‡; iabhair‡ 		d'iaigh siad; d'iadar /
iaigh siad‡; iadar‡ 		a d'iaigh /
ar iaigh* 		iadh;
hiadh†
past habitual d'iainn /
iainn‡; n-iainn‡‡ 		d'iaiteá /
iaiteá‡; n-iaiteᇇ 		d'iadh sé, sí /
iadh sé, sí‡; n-iadh sé, s퇇 		d'iaimis; d'iadh muid /
iaimis; iadh muid‡; n-iaimis‡‡; n-iadh muid‡‡ 		d'iadh sibh /
iadh sibh‡; n-iadh sibh‡‡ 		d'iaidís; d'iadh siad /
iaidís; iadh siad‡; n-iaidís‡‡; n-iadh siad‡‡ 		a d'iadh /
a n-iadh* 		d'iaití /
iaití‡; n-iait퇇
future iafaidh mé;
iafad 		iafaidh tú;
iafair† 		iafaidh sé, sí iafaimid;
iafaidh muid 		iafaidh sibh iafaidh siad;
iafaid† 		a iafaidh; a iafas /
a n-iafaidh*; a n-iafas* 		iafar
conditional d'iafainn / iafainn‡; n-iafainn‡‡ d'iafá / iafá‡; n-iafᇇ d'iafadh sé, sí / iafadh sé, sí‡; n-iafadh sé, s퇇 d'iafaimis; d'iafadh muid / iafaimis‡; iafadh muid‡; n-iafaimis‡‡; n-iafadh muid‡‡ d'iafadh sibh / iafadh sibh‡; n-iafadh sibh‡‡ d'iafaidís; d'iafadh siad / iafaidís‡; iafadh siad‡; n-iafaidís‡‡; n-iafadh siad‡‡ a d'iafadh /
a n-iafadh* 		d'iafaí / iafaí‡; n-iafa퇇
subjunctive present go n-ia mé;
go n-iad† 		go n-ia tú;
go n-iair† 		go n-ia sé, sí go n-iaimid;
go n-ia muid 		go n-ia sibh go n-ia siad;
go n-iaid† 		— go n-iaitear
past dá n-iainn dá n-iaiteá dá n-iadh sé, sí dá n-iaimis;
dá n-iadh muid 		dá n-iadh sibh dá n-iaidís;
dá n-iadh siad 		— dá n-iaití
imperative iaim iaigh iadh sé, sí iaimis iaigí;
iaidh† 		iaidís — iaitear
verbal noun iamh
past participle iata

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
iaigh n-iaigh hiaigh not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ “iaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “íadaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*efirom”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 113-114
  4. ^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, § 3.1.36, pages 191–92

Further reading

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