iarr

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish íarraid, from íar (“after”), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“near, at, against”); compare Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on, over, at”).

Pronunciation

Verb

iarr (present analytic iarrann, future analytic iarrfaidh, verbal noun iarraidh, past participle iarrtha)

  1. (modal) to want (used in the progressive tenses)
    An bhfuil tú ag iarraidh a theacht aníos liomsa anois?
    Do you want to come up here with me now?
  2. to ask, ask for, request
  3. to try, attempt
    Synonyms: triail, bain triail as

Conjugation

conjugation of iarr (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present iarraim iarrann tú;
iarrair† 		iarrann sé, sí iarraimid iarrann sibh iarrann siad;
iarraid† 		a iarrann; a iarras /
a n-iarrann*; a n-iarras* 		iarrtar
past d'iarr mé; d'iarras /
iarr mé‡; iarras‡ 		d'iarr tú; d'iarrais /
iarr tú; iarrais‡ 		d'iarr sé, sí /
iarr sé, sí‡ 		d'iarramar; d'iarr muid /
iarramar; iarr muid‡ 		d'iarr sibh; d'iarrabhair /
iarr sibh;
iarrabhair‡ 		d'iarr siad; d'iarradar /
iarr siad; iarradar‡ 		a d'iarr /
ar iarr* 		iarradh;
hiarradh†
past habitual d'iarrainn /
iarrainn‡; n-iarrainn‡‡ 		d'iarrtá /
iarrtá‡; n-iarrtᇇ 		d'iarradh sé, sí /
iarradh sé, sí‡; n-iarradh sé, s퇇 		d'iarraimis; d'iarradh muid /
iarraimis; iarradh muid‡; n-iarraimis‡‡; n-iarradh muid‡‡ 		d'iarradh sibh /
iarradh sibh‡; n-iarradh sibh‡‡ 		d'iarraidís; d'iarradh siad /
iarraidís; iarradh siad‡; n-iarraidís‡‡; n-iarradh siad‡‡ 		a d'iarradh /
a n-iarradh* 		d'iarrtaí /
iarrtaí‡; n-iarrta퇇
future iarrfaidh mé;
iarrfad 		iarrfaidh tú;
iarrfair† 		iarrfaidh sé, sí iarrfaimid;
iarrfaidh muid 		iarrfaidh sibh iarrfaidh siad;
iarrfaid† 		a iarrfaidh; a iarrfas /
a n-iarrfaidh*; a n-iarrfas* 		iarrfar
conditional d'iarrfainn / iarrfainn‡; n-iarrfainn‡‡ d'iarrfá / iarrfá‡; n-iarrfᇇ d'iarrfadh sé, sí / iarrfadh sé, sí‡; n-iarrfadh sé, s퇇 d'iarrfaimis; d'iarrfadh muid / iarrfaimis‡; iarrfadh muid‡; n-iarrfaimis‡‡; n-iarrfadh muid‡‡ d'iarrfadh sibh / iarrfadh sibh‡; n-iarrfadh sibh‡‡ d'iarrfaidís; d'iarrfadh siad / iarrfaidís‡; iarrfadh siad‡; n-iarrfaidís‡‡; n-iarrfadh siad‡‡ a d'iarrfadh /
a n-iarrfadh* 		d'iarrfaí / iarrfaí‡; n-iarrfa퇇
subjunctive present go n-iarra mé;
go n-iarrad† 		go n-iarra tú;
go n-iarrair† 		go n-iarra sé, sí go n-iarraimid;
go n-iarra muid 		go n-iarra sibh go n-iarra siad;
go n-iarraid† 		— go n-iarrtar
past dá n-iarrainn dá n-iarrtá dá n-iarradh sé, sí dá n-iarraimis;
dá n-iarradh muid 		dá n-iarradh sibh dá n-iarraidís;
dá n-iarradh siad 		— dá n-iarrtaí
imperative iarraim iarr iarradh sé, sí iarraimis iarraigí;
iarraidh† 		iarraidís — iarrtar
verbal noun iarraidh
past participle iarrtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Derived terms

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
iarr n-iarr hiarr not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 101

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish iarraid.

Pronunciation

Verb

iarr (past dh'iarr, future iarraidh, verbal noun iarraidh, past participle iarrte)

  1. want
  2. ask, request, demand
  3. seek, search, look for, probe
    Synonyms: lorg, sir
    Chan fhaic 's chan iarr iad. ― They shall neither see nor enquire.
  4. invite
    Iarr e gu pàrtaidh. ― Invite him to a party.
  5. (dated) pain, purge (as medicine)

Usage notes

  • In the sense of requesting or desiring takes the preposition air:
    Dh'iarr e airgead oirre. ― He asked her for money.
    An iarr thu air sin a thachairt? ― Will you desire that to happen?

Conjugation

Conjugation of iarr (regular)
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past dh'iarr mi dh'iarr thu dh'iarr e/i dh'iarr sinn dh'iarr sibh dh'iarr iad dh'iarradh
future iarraidh mi iarraidh tu iarraidh e/i iarraidh sinn iarraidh sibh iarraidh iad iarrar
iarrtar
conditional dh'iarrainn dh'iarradh tu dh'iarradh e/i dh'iarramaid
dh'iarradh sinn 		dh'iarradh sibh dh'iarradh iad dh'iarrtadh
dh'iarraist(e)1
negative past cha do dh'iarr mi cha do dh'iarr thu cha do dh'iarr e/i cha do dh'iarr sinn cha do dh'iarr sibh cha do dh'iarr iad cha do dh'iarradh
future chan iarr mi chan iarr thu chan iarr e/i chan iarr sinn chan iarr sibh chan iarr iad chan iarrar
chan iarrtar
conditional chan iarrainn chan iarradh tu chan iarradh e/i chan iarramaid
chan iarradh sinn 		chan iarradh sibh chan iarradh iad chan iarrtadh
chan iarraist(e)1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do dh'iarr mi? an do dh'iarr thu? an do dh'iarr e/i? an do dh'iarr sinn? an do dh'iarr sibh? an do dh'iarr iad? an do dh'iarradh?
future an iarr mi? an iarr thu? an iarr e/i? an iarr sinn? an iarr sibh? an iarr iad? an iarrar?
an iarrtar?
conditional an iarrainn? an iarradh tu? an iarradh e/i? an iarramaid?
an iarradh sinn? 		an iarradh sibh? an iarradh iad? an iarrtadh?
an iarraist(e)1?
negative
interrogative 		past nach do dh'iarr mi? nach do dh'iarr thu? nach do dh'iarr e/i? nach do dh'iarr sinn? nach do dh'iarr sibh? nach do dh'iarr iad? nach do dh'iarradh?
future nach iarr mi? nach iarr thu? nach iarr e/i? nach iarr sinn? nach iarr sibh? nach iarr iad? nach iarrar?
nach iarrtar?
conditional nach iarrainn? nach iarradh tu? nach iarradh e/i? nach iarramaid?
nach iarradh sinn? 		nach iarradh sibh? nach iarradh iad? nach iarrtadh?
nach iarraist(e)1?
relative
future 		affirmative (ma) dh'iarras mi (ma) dh'iarras thu (ma) dh'iarras e/i (ma) dh'iarras sinn (ma) dh'iarras sibh (ma) dh'iarras iad (ma) dh'iarrar
negative (mur) iarr mi (mur) iarr thu (mur) iarr e/i (mur) iarr sinn (mur) iarr sibh (mur) iarr iad (mur) iarrar
(mur) iarrtar
imperative iarram iarr iarradh e/i iarramaid iarraibh iarradh iad iarrar
iarrtar
stem iarr
verbal noun iarraidh
past participle iarrte
1 Lewis dialect form

Derived terms

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “iarr”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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